Chapter 6 Process Design And Facility Layout Flashcards
Process Design
Determine the form and function of how goods or services are produced ie. the sequence of opportunities
Make or buy
Decide whether to make a part or product in house or to buy it or a segment of production process from another company
Job shop
A process type used when a low quantity of high variety customized goods or services is needed
Process is intermittent, work shifts from one small job to the next, each with different requirements
High flexibility of equipment and skilled workers are important characterization of a job shop
Batch Process
A type of process used when a moderate quantity and variety of goods or services is desired.
Equipment is not as flexible as in a job shop but process is intermittent
Skill level does not need to be as high as in a job shop
Repetitive process
A type of process used when higher quantities of more standardized goods or services are needed
Production line
A sequence of machines/workstations that perform operations on a part/product
Assembly line
A production line where parts are added to a product sequentially
Continuous Process
Used when a high volume of high standardized output is required
Technology
Applications of scientific discoveries to the development and improvement of goods and services and/or the process that produce or provide them
Automation
Using machinery with sensing and control devices that enable it to operate automatically
Numerically controlled machines (N/C) Machines
Machines that perform operations by following mathematical processing instructions
Robot
A machine consisting of mechanical arm, a power supply, and a controller
Flexible manufacturing system (FMS)
A group of machining centres controlled by a computer, with automatic material handling, robots or other automated equipment
Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM)
A system for linking broad range of manufacturing and other activities through an integrating computer system
Process Design
Determining the form and function of of how production of goods or services is to occur.
It involves identifying the operation sand their sequence, resource and controls directly needed in the production of goods or rendering services
What is the methodology of Production Process Design
- Define the production process
- Production process development
- Conceptualizer the design
- Make an embodiment of the design
- Create a detailed design - Purchase the machines and equipment, recruit workers and start trial runs
Service Process Design
Similar to manufacturing process design except that instead of material, the flow fo the customer or something belonging to the customer should be followed
Product Layout
Arrangement of production resources linearly according to the progressive steps by which a product is made
Used to achieve a smooth and rapid low of steps by which a product is made
Process layout
Arrangement of production resources to similarity of function
Used when there are a variety of production requirements
Cellular layout
Layout in which different machines are arranged in a cell that can process items that have similar processing requirements
Group Technology
Grouping items with similar design or manufacturing chacteristics into part families
Line balancing
Assigning tasks to workstations in such a way that the work stations have approximately equal time requirements
Cycle Time
The maximum time allowed at each workstation to complete its set of tasks on a unit
Precedence Network
A diagram that shows the tasks and their precedence requirements
Percentage idle time
One hundred times sum of idle times per unit divided by actual number of workstations times cycle time
