Chapter 6 - Part 1

Question 1

Adolescence

Answer 1

Period that begins with puberty and ends with the transition to adulthood (approximately ages 10–18)

Question 2

Puberty

Answer 2

A period of rapid growth and sexual maturation

Question 3

Distalproximal Development

Answer 3

The growth proceeds from the extremities toward the torso

Question 4

From ages 10-14, the average girl is ___________, but not _____________, than the average boy

Answer 4

Taller; heavier

Question 5

After age 14, the average boy becomes both ___________ and _____________ heavier

Answer 5

Taller; heavier

Question 6

True or False: both height and weight can certainly be sensitive issues for some teenagers

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Primary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 7

Changes in the reproductive organs

Question 8

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

Answer 8

Visible physical changes not directly linked to reproduction but signal sexual maturity

Question 9

Acne

Answer 9

Pimples on the skin due to overactive sebaceous (oil-producing) glands

Question 10

Approximately what percentage of adolescents develop acne?

Answer 10

85%

Question 11

Who are more likely to develop acne and why?

Answer 11

Boys develop acne more than girls because of greater levels of testosterone in their systems

Question 12

How long does pubertal changes to compelte?

Answer 12

~3-4 years

Question 13

True or False: adolescents do not undergo through much intensity of gender roles

Answer 13

False: gender roles intensify for teenagers during adolescence

Question 14

What characterizes adolescent brain development?

Answer 14

Although it does not get larger, it matures by becoming more interconnected and specializedv

Question 15

Limbic System

Answer 15

Regulates emotion and reward as well as is linked to the hormonal changes that occur at puberty

Question 16

Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 16

Involved in the control of impulses, organization, planning, and making good decisions

Question 17

How do teens perceive risks and rewards differently from adults?

Answer 17

Teens are more sensitive to dopamine (reward circuits), so rewards outweigh risks and respond especially strongly to social rewards

Question 18

Oxytocin

Answer 18

Neurotransmitter that facilitates bonding and makes social connections more rewarding

Question 19

___________ of mental illness occurs by the age of 14

Answer 19

50%

Question 20

___________ of mental illness occurs by the age of 24

Answer 20

75%

Question 21

On average, adolescents get __________ hours of sleep on school nights

Answer 21

7.5

Question 22

True or False: older adolescents get more hours of sleep compared to younger adolescents

Answer 22

False: younger adolescents get more hours of sleep compared to older adolescents (8.4 vs. 6.9 hours)