Chapter 6 - Part 1 Flashcards
Adolescence
Period that begins with puberty and ends with the transition to adulthood (approximately ages 10–18)
Puberty
A period of rapid growth and sexual maturation
Distalproximal Development
The growth proceeds from the extremities toward the torso
From ages 10-14, the average girl is ___________, but not _____________, than the average boy
Taller; heavier
After age 14, the average boy becomes both ___________ and _____________ heavier
Taller; heavier
True or False: both height and weight can certainly be sensitive issues for some teenagers
True
Primary Sexual Characteristics
Changes in the reproductive organs
Secondary Sexual Characteristics
Visible physical changes not directly linked to reproduction but signal sexual maturity
Acne
Pimples on the skin due to overactive sebaceous (oil-producing) glands
Approximately what percentage of adolescents develop acne?
85%
Who are more likely to develop acne and why?
Boys develop acne more than girls because of greater levels of testosterone in their systems
How long does pubertal changes to compelte?
~3-4 years
True or False: adolescents do not undergo through much intensity of gender roles
False: gender roles intensify for teenagers during adolescence
What characterizes adolescent brain development?
Although it does not get larger, it matures by becoming more interconnected and specializedv
Limbic System
Regulates emotion and reward as well as is linked to the hormonal changes that occur at puberty
Prefrontal Cortex
Involved in the control of impulses, organization, planning, and making good decisions
How do teens perceive risks and rewards differently from adults?
Teens are more sensitive to dopamine (reward circuits), so rewards outweigh risks and respond especially strongly to social rewards
Oxytocin
Neurotransmitter that facilitates bonding and makes social connections more rewarding
___________ of mental illness occurs by the age of 14
50%
___________ of mental illness occurs by the age of 24
75%
On average, adolescents get __________ hours of sleep on school nights
7.5
True or False: older adolescents get more hours of sleep compared to younger adolescents
False: younger adolescents get more hours of sleep compared to older adolescents (8.4 vs. 6.9 hours)
