Chapter 6: Nutrition Flashcards
Chemical compounds that are present in foods
Nutrients
What are the six categories of nutrients?
Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Vitamins Minerals Water
A unit of measurement of energy
Calorie
Compounds that consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms bond together in chains of varying lengths
Carbohydrates
It is the body’s most important source of food energy
Carbohydrates
Refers to a group of carbohydrates that can neither be absorbed nor used by the body
Fiber
Three classifications of fats
Saturated
Monounsaturated
Polyunsaturated
It is a fat that is solid at room temperature
Saturated fats
A fatty substance closely linked with heart disease
Cholesterol
How many grams of protein a day does an average adult needs?
50 to 60 grams protein in a day
They are consist of substances called amino acids
Proteins
Differentiate complete proteins to incomplete proteins to complementary proteins
Complete proteins contains all nine essential amino acids
Incomplete proteins lack one or more of the essential amino acids
Complementary proteins supply all of the necessary amino acids for proper nutrition
They supply no energy and they are also essential for regulating body function
Vitamins
What are the two classifications of vitamins?
Water-soluble and fat-soluble
What vitamins cannot be stored in the body?
Vitamins B and C
What vitamins can be stored in the body?
Vitamins A, D, E, and K
They are consumed in very small quantities and are essential for regulating certain body processes
Minerals
They must be consumed in relatively large amounts, more than 100 mg daily
Major minerals
Minerals that must be present in smaller amounts
Trace minerals
Give the six roles of water in our body
Metabolism and other cell functions Digestion Delivery of nutrients Removal of waste Temperature regulation Lubrication and cushioning of joints and tissues
