Chapter 6 Nerves Flashcards
Auriculotemporal Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the external ear and skin above the temple
Autonomic Nervous System
The part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles, regulates the actions of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, heart and breathing
Brain
Part of the nervous system contained in the cranium. Largest and most complex nerve tissue and control sensation
Buccal Nerve
Branch of the seventh cranial nerve that affects the muscle of the mouth
Central Nervous System
Consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves
Cervical Cutaneous Nerve
Cervical nerve located at the side of the neck; affects the front and side of neck
Cervical Nerves
Branches of the seventh cranial nerv: originate at the spinal and affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle
Common Peroneal Nerve
A division of the sciatic nerve that extends from behind the knee to wind around the head of the fibula to the front of the leg
Deep Peroneal Nerve
Extends down the front of the leg, behind the muscles. It supplies impulses to these muscles and also to the muscles and skin on top of the foot and adjacent sides of the first and second toes
Digital Nerve
Sensory motor nerve that supplies impulses to the fingers
Dorsal Nerve
Also known as dorsal cutaneous nerve; a nerve that extends up from the toes and foot, just under the skin, supplying impulses to toes and foot, as well as the muscles and skin of the leg, where it becomes the superficial peroneal nerve.
Eleventh Cranial Nerve
Also known as accessory nerve; a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles.
Fifth Cranial Nerve
Also known as trifacial nerve or trigeminal nerve; the chief sensory nerve of the face that serves as the motor nerve to the muscles that control chewing.
Greater Auricular Nerve
Cervical nerve that is located at the side of the neck; affects the face, ears, neck, and parotid gland.
Greater Occipital Nerve
Cervical nerve that is located in the back of the head; affects the face, ears, neck, and parotid gland.
Infraorbital Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the skin of the lower eyelid, side of the nose, upper lip, and mouth.
Infratrochlear Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the membrane and skin of the nose.
Mandiblular Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the muscle of the chin, lower lip, and external ear.
Marginal Mandibular Nerve
Branch of the seventh cranial nerve that affects the muscles of the chin and lower lip.
Maxillary Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies impulses to the upper part of the face.
Median Nerve
Sensory-motor nerve that is smaller than the ulner and radial nerves and that, with its branches, supplies the arm and hand.
Mental Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the skin of the lower lip and chin.
Motor Nerves
Also known as efferent nerves; carry impulses from the brain to the muscles or glands.
Nasal Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the point and the lower side of the nose.
Nerve Tissue
Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates all bodily functions.
Nerves
Whitish cords made up of bundles of nerve fibers held together by connective tissue through which impulses are transmitted.
Nervous System
Body system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves; controls and coordinates all other systems of the body and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently.
Neurology
Scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system.
Ophthalmic Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that supplies impulses to the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage.
Peripheral Nervous System
Abbreviated PNS; system of the nerves that connects the peripheral (outer) parts of the body to the central nervous system; it has both sensory and motor nerves.
Posterior Auricular Nerve
Branch of the seventh cranial nerve that affects the muscles behind the ear at the base of the skull.
Radial Nerve
Sensory –motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand.
Reflex
Automatic reaction to a stimulus that involves the movement of an impulse from a sensory receptor along the sensory nerve to the spinal cord.
Saphenous Nerve
Nerve of the leg that supplies impulses to skin of the inner side of the leg and foot.
Sciatic Nerve
Largest and longest nerve in the body.
Sensory Nerves
Also known as afferent nerves; carry impulses or messages from the sense organs to the brain, where sensations of touch, cold, heat sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain, and pleasure are experienced.
Seventh Cranial Nerve
Also known as facial nerve; chief motor nerve of the face. Its divisions and their branches supply and control all the muscles of facial expression.
Smaller Occipital Nerve
Also known as lesser occipital nerve; cervical nerve located at the base of the nerve, affects the scalp and muscle behind the ear
Superficial Peroneal Nerve
Also known as musculocutaneous nerve; extends down the leg, just under the skin, supplying impulses to the muscles and skin of the leg, as well as to the skin and toes on the top of the foot, where it becomes the dorsal nerve.
Supraorbital Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the skin of the forehead, scalp, eyebrow, and upper eyelid.
Supratrochlear Nerve
Branch of the fifth cranial nerve that affects the skin between the eyes and upper side of the nose.
Sural Nerve
Nerve of the lower left leg that supplies impulses to the skin on the outer side and back of the foot and leg.
Temporal Nerve
Branch of the seventh cranial nerve that affects the muscles of the temples, side of the forehead, eyebrow, eyelid, and upper part of the check.
Tibial Nerve
A division of the sciatic nerve that passes behind the knee. It subdivides and supplies impulses to the knee, the muscles of the calf the skin of the leg, and the sole, heel, and underside of the toes.
Ulnar Nerve
Sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, affects the little-finger side of the arm and palm of the hand.
Zygomatic Nerve
Branch of the fifth and seventh cranial nerves that affect the muscles of the upper part of the check.
