Chapter 6 Metabolism Flashcards
What is the first law (about energy) of thermodynamics?
The total amount of energy in the universe is a constant. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can be transformed from one form to another.
What is the second law (about entropy) of thermodynamics?
The entropy (disorder) of the universe is always increasing.
What is potential energy?
The bonds holding the atoms of a resting molecule have chemical (potential) energy.
What is kinetic energy?
Energy which a body possesses by virtue of being in motion
The Gibbs free energy in a chemical reaction indicates that energy available to _____________.
Decrease entrophy
Both endergonic and exergonic reactions need to cross the activation energy barrier. True or False?
True
Anaerobic metabolism refers to those biochemical reactions that occur in the absence of ________.
Oxygen
Energy _______ exergonic chemical reactions.
Exits! Products have less free energy than reactants (Typically catabolic reactions).
Energy _______ endergonic chemical reactions.
Enters! Products have more free energy than reactants (Typically Anabolic reactions).
Aerobic metabolism refers to bioenergetics using atmospheric ________.
Oxygen
The location of substrate binding in an enzyme is called the enzyme’s
Active site
To produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation, an enzyme transfers a phosphate group from its bound-substrate to a molecule of
ADP
The ATP synthase, which produces ATP via oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, is located
On the inner membrane
What is a Anabolic pathway?
Small molecules assemble into large ones (building). Energy is required.
What is catabolic pathways?
Large molecules break down into small ones. Energy is released.
