Chapter 6 (M. Wolfe) Flashcards
What is the idea behind positivism?
Positivism is a philosophical position arguing that all you really have to go on is the evidence of your senses, so the world might be nothing more than an elaborate hallucination.
What is the advantage of binocular summation?
The advantage of binocular summation is that detecting a stimulus can be done with two eyes, as opposed to just one, and so this yields more information about the stimulus.
The difference between a monocular depth cue and a binocular depth cue.
A monocular depth cue is available when the world is viewed with only one eye. A binocular depth cue requires information from both eyes.
What is a vanishing point?
A vanishing point is the apparent point at which parallel lines receding in depth converge. Vanishing points are often used in paintings and drawings to add a sense of realism and depth.
What is a pictorial depth cue?
A pictorial depth cue is a cue to distance or depth used by artists to depict three-dimensional depth in two-dimensional pictures.
What is an absolute metrical depth cue?
A depth cue that provides quantifiable information about distance in the third dimension (e.g., his nose sticks out 4 centimeters in front of his face).
What is aerial perspective or haze
A depth cue based on the implicit understanding that light is scattered by the atmosphere.
binocular disparity
The differences between the two retinal images of the same scene. The basis for stereopsis, a vivid perception of the three-dimensionality of the world that is not available with monocular vision.
binocular summation
The combination of signals from each eye in ways that make performance on many tasks better with both eyes than with either eye alone.
corresponding retinal points
Two monocular images of an object in the world are said to fall on these points if the points are the same distance from the fovea in both eyes.
Cyclopean
Referring to stimuli that are defined by binocular disparity alone. Named after the one-eyed creature of Homer’s Odyssey.
dichoptic
Referring to the presentation of two different stimuli, one to each eye. Different from binocular presentation, which could involve both eyes looking at a single stimulus.
Explain what a texture gradient is.
It is a depth cue based on the geometric fact that items of the same size form smaller images when they are farther away. Thus, an array of items that change in size across the image will appear to form a surface in depth. The texture gradient depth cue is a combination of the relative height and relative size depth cues.
What is a vanishing point?
A vanishing point is the apparent point at which parallel lines receding in depth converge. Vanishing points are often used in paintings and drawings to add a sense of realism and depth.
What is a pictorial depth cue?
A pictorial depth cue is a cue to distance or depth used by artists to depict three-dimensional depth in two-dimensional pictures.
