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science > chapter 6 lesson 5 > Flashcards

chapter 6 lesson 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

free fall

A

when the only force acting on an object is gravity

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2
Q

what causes an object to accelerate

A

force of gravity

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3
Q

free fall is motion where acceleration…

A

is caused by gravity

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4
Q

what is in the air

A

fluid friction

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5
Q

friction acts against gravity reducing..

A

reducing acceleration to falling objects

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6
Q

when does air friction increase

A

as an object falls

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7
Q

it will fall at a

A

constant velocity

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8
Q

what does air friction reduce

A

accelerated

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9
Q

what motions act independently

A

horizontal and vertical

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10
Q

satellites

A

objects that orbit around other objects in space following a curved path around earth

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11
Q

why do satellites travel around earth instead of falling into it

A

because earth is curved

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12
Q

what causes a satellite to move ahead

A

inertia

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13
Q

what continuously changes a satellites direction

A

gravity

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14
Q

why is an object traveling in a circle accelerate

A

because of constant change in direction

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15
Q

centripetal force

A

force that causes an object to move in a circular path

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16
Q

where do centripetal forces always point to

A

the center of earth

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17
Q

acceleration

A

rate at which velocity changes

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18
Q

what does velocity mean

A

change in speed and direction

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19
Q

what does acceleration refer to

A

increasing speed, decreasing speed, or changing direction

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20
Q

what is another name for change in speed

A

deceleration or negtaive acceleration

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21
Q

you can change direction with out changing…

A

speed

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22
Q

what does force mean

A

push or pull

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23
Q

force is described by its strength and…

A

in which direction it acts

24
Q

what is measured by the SI unit

A

newtons

25
Q

what is net force

A

the combination of all the forces on an object

26
Q

what does net force determine

A

if and how an object will accelerate

27
Q

what does a nonzero net force cause

A

a change in objects motion

28
Q

friction

A

the force that two objects exert on each other when they rub against each other

29
Q

what are two factors that affect the force of friction

A

types of surfaces involved and how hard they’re pushed against each other

30
Q

what direction does friction act in

A

opposite

31
Q

static friction

A

acts between objects that aren’t moving

32
Q

sliding friction

A

when two solid surfaces slide over each other

33
Q

fluid friction

A

when an object moves through fluid

34
Q

rolling friction

A

when an object rolls across a surface

35
Q

gravity

A

a force that pulls objects towards each other

36
Q

law of universal gravitation

A

The force of gravity acts between all objects in the universe that have mass

37
Q

where does gravitational force exist?

A

Between any two objects in the universe

38
Q

what are two factors that affect the gravitational attraction between objects

A

Mass and distance

39
Q

mass

A

Measure of the amount of matter in an object

40
Q

What causes a greater gravitational force?

A

More mass

41
Q

what does gravitational force depend on?

A

Distance between objects centers 

42
Q

when distance increases

A

Gravitational force decreases

43
Q

weight

A

A measure of the force of gravity on an object

44
Q

A moving object will continue at a constant velocity until

A

A force acts to change its speed and direction

45
Q

Newtons first law of motion

A

An object at rest will remain at rest, unless acted upon a nonzero net force. An object moving at a constant velocity, will continue moving at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a nonzero net force.

46
Q

inertia

A

All objects resist change of motion

47
Q

Newton second law of motion

A

An objects acceleration depends on its mass, and on the net force acting on it

48
Q

Newton second law of motion shows that force is measured

A

Kilograms times meters per second to meters per second

49
Q

newtons third law of motion

A

If one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction of the the first object

50
Q

What forces are all around you?

A

Action and reaction forces

51
Q

momentum

A

A characteristic of a moving object that is related to the mass and the velocity of the object

52
Q

momentum of a moving object can be determined by

A

Multiplying the objects mass by its velocity

53
Q

how is momentum measured

A

Kilograms times meters per second

54
Q

What is momentum described by

A

Direction and strength

55
Q

A quantity that was conserved is

A

The same before and after

56
Q

law of conservation of momentum

A

In the absence of outside forces like friction, the total momentum of an object that interact doesn’t change

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