Chapter 6: Health Behavior and Lifestyles

Question 1

Illness Behavior

Answer 1

Activity undertaken by a person who feels ill for the purpose of defining that illness and seeking relief from it

Question 2

Health Behavior

Answer 2

Activity undertaken by individuals for the purpose of maintaining or enhancing their health, preventing health problems, or achieving a positive body image

Question 3

Health Lifestyles

Answer 3

Collective patterns of health-related behavior based on choices from options available to people according to their life chances

Question 4

Weber: Health Lifestyles

Answer 4

Members of the same social class generally share similar lifestyles

Lifestyle choices are influenced by one’s life chances, or socioeconomic circumstances

Question 5

Bourdieu: Health Lifestyles

Answer 5

People of a particular social class tend to share similar lifestyles because they typically have a similar upbringing and experiences in life

Question 6

Habitus

Answer 6

Class-related set of durable dispositions to act in
particular ways

Serves as a set of perceptions that routinely guides and evaluates a person’s choices and options

Question 7

Seven Good Health Lifestyle Practices

Answer 7

1 ) Seven to eight hours a night of sleep

2) Eating breakfast every day
3) Seldom if ever eating snacks
4) Controlling one’s weight
5) Exercising
6) Limiting alcohol consumption
7) Never having smoked cigarettes

Question 8

Comparisons between the U.S. and Germany:

Answer 8

Lack of difference between social classes in health
behavior

The presence of a comprehensive, national health insurance system (Germany) does not appear to undermine personal incentives to stay physically fit compared to the American system

Question 9

Greatest Participation Among What Groups?

Answer 9

Upper and middle socioeconomic groups

Question 10

HEALTH LIFESTYLES
IN RUSSIA AND EASTERN EUROPE

(3)

Answer 10

Declines in life expectancy over the second half of the 20th century

Rise in mortality largely among middle-aged working-class males

Health lifestyles characterized by extremely heavy drinking and smoking, disregard of diet, and an absence of leisure- time exercise

Question 11

Preventative Care

Answer 11

Routine physical examinations, immunizations, prenatal care, dental checkups, screening for heart disease and cancer, and other services intended to ensure good health and prevent disease—or minimize the effects of illness if it occurs

Question 12

Health Belief Model

Answer 12

Understanding why some individuals engage in protective health behaviors, while others behave in knowingly unhealthy ways

The model recognizes that when considering health decisions, individuals consider both health-related and non-health related outcomes