Chapter 6 Grammatik

Question 0

Können

Answer 0

• be able to, can; may (speaker assumes something may be true)
  Kann Können
  Kannst Könnt
  Kann Können
• past tense: konnte
• past part.: gekonnt

Question 1

Dürfen (Modal verb)

Answer 1

• be allowed to, may, permitted to
  darf dürfen
  darfst dürft
  darf dürfen
• past tense: durfte
• past part.: gedurft
  -Dürfen + nicht/ kein
  (Must not)

Question 2

Mögen

Answer 2

• Express liking; express possibility (more skeptical than können)
  Mag Mögen
  Magst mögt
  Mag Mögen
• past tense: mochte
• past part.: gemocht

Subjunctive II Form:
Möchte Möchten
Möchtest Möchtet
Möchte Möchten

Question 3

Müssen

Answer 3

• must, have to; expresses possibility
  Muss Müssen
  Musst Müsst
  Muss Müssen
• past tense: musste
• past part.: gemusst
• müssen nicht
  (Don’t have to/ need to)

Question 4

Sollen

Answer 4

• to be supposed to, are to; to be said (when reporting hearsay); shall
  Soll Sollen
  Sollst sollt
  Soll Sollen
• past tense: sollte
• past part.: gesollt

Question 5

Wollen

Answer 5

• to intend to, want to; am going to + infinitive (expresses intention); to claim to
  Will Wollen
  Willst Wollt
  Will Wollen
• past tense: wollte
• past part.: gewollt

Question 6

Immer + comparative form of adj

Answer 6

More and more + adj

Question 7

So…wie

Answer 7

As…as

Question 8

Ebenso, genauso, geradeso…wie

Answer 8

Just as

Question 9

Als

Answer 9

Than

Question 10

Je…desto / um so + comparative precedes verb

Answer 10

The…..the…..

Question 11

Älter , größer , jünger , stärker

Längsten , kürzesten

Answer 11

Take Umlaut in comparative and superlative

Question 12

Gern + verb

Answer 12

Comparative: Lieber + verb
Superlative: am liebsten

Question 13

Time expressions

Answer 13

Accusative:

• Noun phrases expressing certain point in time with no preposition
• used to reference period of time
• DONT use “für” to express duration. Can add “lang” for emphasis.
• “für”: used only for specific amount of time in the future
• continuing activity - “seit + present tense verb”

Dative:
- Noun phrases replaced by prepositional phrases

Genetive:

• indefinite time: “Eines Tages / Abends / Nachts”
• habitual time: expressed by genitive adverbs. “abends / nachts , wochentags”

Question 14

Die meiste(n)

Answer 14

“Most”

- superlative of the adj viel

Question 15

Am meisten

Answer 15

• superlative of adverb viel
• NEVER takes final s
• ” the most”

Question 16

meistens

Answer 16

• “mostly”
• most of the time, in most instances, usually
• time phrase

Question 17

hauptsächlich

Answer 17

Mostly / principally / mainly

Question 18

höchstens

Answer 18

• at (the) most
• precedes element it refers to
• used when what your talking about can go up a scale, but you’re stopping it at a certain point
• Ex. Age, weight, temp, price

Question 19

Tonight/last night:

Answer 19

Yesterday:
Gestern Abend
Letzte Nacht

Today:
Heute Abend
Heute Nacht

Question 20

Oft (oftmals - formal)

Answer 20

Many times

Question 21

Öfter

Answer 21

From time to time, every once in a while, now and then

- öfters is colloquial

Question 22

Vielmals

Answer 22

Only used in certain phrases:

Ich danke vielmals. (Many thanks.)
Ich bitte vielmals um Entschuldigung. (I beg your pardon.)

Question 23

diesmal

Answer 23

This time

Question 24

jedesmal

Answer 24

Every time

Question 25

manchmal

Answer 25

Sometimes

Question 26

mehrmals

Answer 26

Several times

Question 27

ein andermal / anderes mal

Answer 27

Another time

Question 28

Ein paarmal / paar Mal

Answer 28

A couple of times

Question 29

Das erstemal

Answer 29

the first time

Question 30

zum erstenmal / ersten Mal

Answer 30

For the first time

Question 31

zum letztenmal

Answer 31

For the last time

Question 32

Zweimal, hundertmal, etc.

Answer 32

Two times, a hundred times

Question 33

Nächste Mal

Answer 33

Next time

Question 34

Voriges / letztes Mal

Answer 34

/ last time

Question 35

Auf einmal

Answer 35

Suddenly

Question 36

Endlich

Answer 36

Finally, at last, after a long time (of waiting, often impatiently)

Question 37

Schließlich

Answer 37

Finally, eventually, in the end, ultimately - draws attention to stages that came before After all - can follow or precede verb

Question 38

Zulezt

Answer 38

Finally, last of all, lastly (at the end of a series of events or items)

Question 39

Sich erinnern an

Answer 39

To remember, recall, recollect | - accu

Question 40

Erinnern an

Answer 40

To remind

Question 41

Einfallen

Answer 41

To remember, recall (a word, name, title, number), think of (on the spot), occur to - dative

Question 42

Sich merken

Answer 42

``` To remember (in the future), commit to memory, make a metal note of facts, such a word, number, date, place, appt. - dative ```

Question 43

Ich weiß das micht mehr. Weißt du noch, Denk daran,

Answer 43

To remember | - less weighty than sich erinnern an

Question 44

Fragen

Answer 44

To ask, inquire | - accu object

Question 45

Fragen nach

Answer 45

To ask for the way / time / someone's name / opinion / a person

Question 46

Bitten (bat, gebeten) um

Answer 46

To ask (for), request someone to do something Darf ich Sie bitten, ...

Question 47

Verlangen

Answer 47

To ask, require, demand | - CANT use with people