Chapter 6: General Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

How much blood does the human body contain
a. 1-3 pints
b. 8-10 pints
c. 12-14 pints
d. 17-20 pints

Answer 1

b. 8-10 pints

Question 2

What is a nutritive fluid flowing through the circulatory system?
a. lymph
b. blood
c. pus
d. water

Answer 2

b. blood

Question 3

What are platelets?
a. blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process
b. a type of white blood cell
c. a type of red blood cell
d. dangerous bacteria found in the bloodstream

Answer 3

a. blood components that contribute to the blood-clotting process

Question 4

What is another term for white blood cells?
a. capillaries
b. leukocytes
c. arterioles
d. venules

Answer 4

b. leukocytes

Question 5

What is the study of tiny structures found in living tissues?
a. anatomy
b. physiology
c. histology
d. osteology

Answer 5

c. histology

Question 6

What is one reason estheticians should study body systems, organs, and tissues?
a. to obtain the medical license needed to become an esthetician
b. to perform emergency surgery for the salon
c. to prescribe medication for clients with skin disorders
d. to understand the effect services have on the body

Answer 6

d. to understand the effect services have on the body

Question 7

What is protoplasm?
a. foundation of all chemical beauty products
b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed
c. toxic substance found in the bodies of people with diseases
d. yellowish fluid that oozes from open sores

Answer 7

b. substance of which the cells of all living things are composed

Question 8

What is the process of cell reproduction called?
a. anagen
b. catagen
c. mitosis
d. metastasization

Answer 8

c. mitosis

Question 9

What is the sternum?
a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs
b. uppermost bone of the skull
c. longest bone in the foot
d. collarbone

Answer 9

a. flat bone that forms the ventral support of the ribs

Question 10

What part of the hand is supplied by the radial nerve and its branches?
a. palm
b. back
c. pinky and ring fingers
d. middle and index fingers

Answer 10

b. back

Question 11

What is the fluid part of the blood and lymph that carries food and secretions to the cells and carbon dioxide from the cells?
a. pus
b. lymph
c. plasma
d. sebum

Answer 11

c. plasma

Question 12

What is true of the origin part of a muscle?
a. it is not attached to the skeleton
b. it disappears after puberty
c. it moved frequently
d. it is attached to the skeleton

Answer 12

d. it is attached to the skeleton

Question 13

What are the structures composed of specialized tissues and performing specific functions?
a. cells
b. organs
c. body systems
d. bodies

Answer 13

b. organs

Question 14

Why does the parathyroid gland regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels?
a. so the endocrine and muscular systems can function properly
b. so the nervus and muscular systems can function properly
c. so the nervous and circulatory systems can function properly
d. so the endocrine and circulatory systems can function properly

Answer 14

b. so the nervus and muscular systems can function properly

Question 15

What is true of the pituitary gland?
a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system
b. it is the most complex organ of the integumentary system
c. it has no effect on the physiological processes of the body
d. it affects very few of the body’s physiological processes

Answer 15

a. it is the most complex organ of the endocrine system

Question 16

What organ in the endocrine system secretes secretes enzyme-producing cells that are responsible for digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?
a. pancreas
b. kidney
c. liver
d. stomach

Answer 16

a. pancreas

Question 17

What are the secretions that the endocrine glands release directly into the bloodstream and that influence the welfare of the entire body?
a. red blood cells
b. white blood cells
c. endorphins
d. hormones

Answer 17

d. hormones

Question 18

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?
a. digestion
b. blood circulation
c. reproduction
d. breathing

Answer 18

d. breathing

Question 19

What is the primary function of the lymphatic/immune system?
a. protecting the body from disease
b. providing the body’s outer shell
c. facilitating reproduction
d. facilitating respiration

Answer 19

a. protecting the body from disease

Question 20

What is the primary function of the skeletal system?
a. providing the exterior protective covering of the body
b. circulating blood to the bones and muscles attached to the bones
c. circulating oxygen to the bones and to muscles attached to bones
d. providing the physical foundation of the body

Answer 20

d. providing the physical foundation of the body

Question 21

What is osteology?
a. study of the muscles
b. study of the bones
c. study of the organs
d. study of the blood

Answer 21

b. study of the bones

Question 22

What is a term that means bone and is used as a prefix on many medical terms?
a. os
b. es
c. as
d. is

Answer 22

a. os

Question 23

What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
a. promoting sebum production
b. providing a path for waste products to move out of the body
d. moving blood through the body

Answer 23

d. moving blood through the body

Question 24

What is covered, shaped, and supported by the muscular system?
a. integumentary system
b. skeletal tissue
c. vital organs
d. secondary organs

Answer 24

b. skeletal tissue

Question 25

What body system is responsible for changing food into nutrients and waste?
a. endocrine
b. integumentary
c. excretory
d. digestive

Answer 25

d. digestive

Question 26

What is the primary function of the excretory system?
a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter
b. converting food int nutrients and waste
c. circulating blood and lymph throughout the body
d. circulating nitrogen and oxygen throughout the body

Answer 26

a. purifying the body by elimination of waste matter