Chapter 6: Force, Mass, and Motion

Question 1

Are distance and time important when describing motion?

Answer 1

Yes, because distance and time are both necessary to calculate motion.

Question 2

What is motion?

Answer 2

Motion occurs when an object changes position relative to a reference point.

Question 3

What is distance?

Answer 3

Distance is how far an object has traveled.

Question 4

What is displacement?

Answer 4

Displacement is distance and direction of an object change in position from a starting point.

Question 5

What is speed?

Answer 5

Speed is the distance an object travels per unit time (rate of change in position).

Question 6

What is the formula for speed or velocity?

Answer 6

Total distance (d) divided by total time (t) equals average speed (v), or d/t=v

Question 7

What are the types of speed?

Answer 7

The three types of speed are instantaneous, average, and constant.

Question 8

What is instantaneous speed?

Answer 8

Instantaneous speed is speed at any given point in time, for example driving a car and glancing down at the speedometer.

Question 9

What is average speed?

Answer 9

Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by total time, for example, taking a road trip.

Question 10

What is constant speed?

Answer 10

Constant speed is speed that does not vary, for example, putting your car in cruise control.

Question 11

Motion of an object can be graphed on a(n) ____________ graph.

Answer 11

Distance-time

Question 12

On a distance-time graph for motion, the X axis represents __________ and the Y axis represents ___________.

Answer 12

The X axis represents time, and the Y axis represents distance

Question 13

The slope of a line on a time-distance graph gives ___________________.

Answer 13

The speed of an object in motion

Question 14

The slope of a line on a time-distance graph is ________________________.

Answer 14

Rate of change linked to speed

Question 15

What does the position of a line mean on a time-distance graph?
Answer for the following situations:
flat line, straight upward arrow heading to the right, and straight downward arrow heading to the right

Answer 15

flat line= not moving, straight upward arrow heading to the right= constant speed that is moving away from starting point, straight downward arrow heading to the right= constant speed that is moving closer to the starting point

Question 16

Becky leaves home and rides a distance of 30 km. It took her 2.5 hours. What is her speed?

Answer 16

12 km/hr

Question 17

A speed boat is traveling at 100 km/hr. How many hours will it take for the boat to cover a distance of 115 km?

Answer 17

1.15 hrs

Question 18

What is the speed of a helicopter that traveled 1200 miles in 7 hours?

Answer 18

171.43 mi/hr

Question 19

A hot air balloon traveled 2.5 hours at the speed of 450 km/hr. What distance did it travel?

Answer 19

1125 km

Question 20

An airplane leaves Orlando, Florida and travels 540 miles to Washington DC. The flight takes 90 minutes. What is the speed of the plane?

Answer 20

6 mi/min

Question 21

What is the difference between positive and negative acceleration?

Answer 21

Positive acceleration speeds up as it goes, negative acceleration slows down as it goes.

Question 22

What is velocity?

Answer 22

Velocity includes speed of an object and the direction of motion.

Question 23

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

Answer 23

Velocity includes direction of motion, whereas speed does not.

Question 24

What is acceleration?

Answer 24

Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. It occurs when an object changes speed, direction, or both.

Question 25

When you calculate acceleration, what format is it in?

Answer 25

meters/second^2 Meters per second squared

Question 26

What is the formula for calculating acceleration?

Answer 26

Acceleration equals change in velocity (final velocity minus initial velocity) divided by time.

Question 27

A plane takes off… Initial velocity 0 m/s Final velocity is 80 m/s Time is 20 seconds What type of acceleration is, and what is the acceleration?

Answer 27

Positive acceleration A= 4 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 28

A bike comes to a stop... Initial velocity is 3 m/s Final velocity is 0 m/s Time is 2 seconds What type of acceleration is this, and what is the acceleration?

Answer 28

Negative acceleration A= -1 1/2 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 29

A paperboy he rode his bike at 3 m/s. After being chased by dog for 8 seconds, he was traveling 6 m/s. What is his acceleration?

Answer 29

3/8 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 30

A pumpkin is dropped. After 5 seconds, the velocity is 47 m/s. What is it's acceleration?

Answer 30

9.4 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 31

A runner is running at 6m/s. He then stumbles over and opponents foot, falling and rolling to stop. This took 4 seconds. What is his acceleration?

Answer 31

-1.5 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 32

A skateboarder fell while doing a jump. She got up after 5 seconds, returning to the velocity of 5 m/s. What is her acceleration?

Answer 32

1 m/s^2 (squared)

Question 33

What is force?

Answer 33

The force is a push or pull applied to an object.

Question 34

What is net force?

Answer 34

Net force is when two or more forces act on an object at the same time.

Question 35

What is friction? And what is it caused by?

Answer 35

Friction is the force that opposes the sliding motion of two touching forces. Friction is caused by microscopic bumps on surfaces called microwelds.

Question 36

What is air resistance?

Answer 36

Air resistance is a friction-like force that opposes motion of objects that move through air (depends on speed, size, and shape of object).

Question 37

What are the four types of friction?

Answer 37

Static, sliding, rolling, and fluid

Question 38

What is static friction?

Answer 38

Static friction is friction in which two surfaces are not moving past each other- only one of the surfaces are moving (pushing a fridge across the floor).

Question 39

What is sliding friction?

Answer 39

Sliding friction is friction where to surfaces slide past one another (sliding down a hill).

Question 40

What is rolling friction?

Answer 40

Rolling friction is friction between a rolling object and the surface it rolls on (skateboard moving on ground).

Question 41

What is fluid friction?

Answer 41

Fluid friction is friction when an object moves through fluid (a gas or liquid). An example of this is skydiving.