Chapter 6 Energy And Metabolism

Question 0

What is oxidation ? (Redox reactions)

Answer 0

Atoms or molecules loses an electron

Question 1

What is thermodynamics ?

Answer 1

Branch of chemistry concerned with energy changes

Question 2

What is reduction ? (Redox reactions)

Answer 2

Atoms or molecules gain an electron

, higher level of energy than oxidized form

Question 3

What is oxidation-reduction reactions ?

Answer 3

It’s a redox, reactions always paired

Question 4

First law of thermodynamics ?

Answer 4

Energy cannot be created or destroyed

And energy can only change from one form to another

Question 5

Second law of thermodynamics ?

Answer 5

Entropy(disorder) is continuously increasing
Energy transformations proceed spontaneously to convert matter from a more ordered/less stable form to less ordered/more stable form

Question 6

Activation energy ?

Answer 6

Extra energy is required to destabilize existing bonds and initiate a chemical reaction

Question 7

What does a catalyst do ?

Answer 7

Substances that influence chemical bonds in a way that lowers the activation energy( this does not alter the reactant or the product)

Question 8

What does adenosine triphosphate (ATP) compose of?

Answer 8

This currency of cells composed of ribose 5 carbon sugars, adenine , 3 chains of phosphate

Question 9

What is an enzyme ?

Answer 9

A biological catalysts

Question 10

Pockets or clefts for substrate binding ?

Answer 10

Active site

Question 11

When a substrate and binds with active is the enzyme, what is that called?

Answer 11

Enzyme-substrate complex

Question 12

There are non-protein enzymes ? Which two kinds are these?

Answer 12

Intramolecular catalysis and intermolecular catalysis

Question 13

Intramolecular ?

Answer 13

Catalyze reaction on RNA molecule itself

Question 14

Intermolecular ?

Answer 14

RNA acts on another molecule

Question 15

The rate of enzyme-catalyzed reaction depends on?

Answer 15

Concentrations of substrate and enzyme

Question 16

An inhibitor is ?

Answer 16

Substance that binds to enzyme and decreases its activity

Question 17

Competes with substrate for active site

Answer 17

Competitive inhibitor

Question 18

Binds to enzyme at a site other than active site , and causes shape change that makes enzyme unable to bind substrate

Answer 18

Noncompetitive inhibitor

Question 19

Total of all Chemical reactions carried out by an organism

Answer 19

Metabolism

Question 20

Expend energy to build up molecules

Answer 20

Anabolic reaction ( anabolism)

Question 21

Harvest energy by breaking down molecules

Answer 21

Catabolic reaction/ catabolism

Question 22

What is energy ?

Answer 22

The capacity to do work