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Medical Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 6-Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 6-Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

A

produces melanin

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2
Q

Antidiuretic Hormone

A

increases water retention in kidneys, decreasing urine production

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3
Q

Calcitonin

A

reduces levels of calcium in the blood

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4
Q

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

A

stimulates egg/sperm production

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5
Q

Oxytocin

A

stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and promotes release of breast milk

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6
Q

Progesterone

A

Controls and maintains the mentrual cycle and causes breast development

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7
Q

Luteinizing Hormone

A

stimulates release of sex hormones

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8
Q

Glucagon

A

raises blood glucose levels

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9
Q

Growth Hormone

A

stimulates growth in muscle and bones

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10
Q

Epinephrine

A

adrenaline

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11
Q

Melatonin

A

stimulates sleep

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12
Q

Parathyroid Hormone

A

controls calcium levels in blood and will release more calcium if needed

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13
Q

Target Cells

A

if a cell reacts to a certain hormone then it has a receptor

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14
Q

What is the Master Gland?

A

the pituatary gland with 2 lobes (anterior and posterior)

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14
Q

What does the pineal gland control?

A

Its secretes melatonin which regulates sleep and wake cycles?

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15
Q

What do the adrenal glands secrete?

A

Epinephrine/norepinephrine which regulate the fight or flight response. or adrenaline

15
Q

What is the pancreas made up of?

A

Islets of langerhans

16
Q

What are the islets of langerhans?

A

They produce insulin and glucagon

17
Q

What is part of the humoral stimuli?

A

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

18
Q

What is the speed of the nervous system?

A

fast

19
Q

What is the speed of the endocrine system?

A

slow

20
Q

What does the hypothalamus help with?

A

Sleep

21
Q

Where is the goiter located and what does it secrete?

A

thyroid and iodine

22
Q

Which gland secretes the most hormones?

A

the pituatary gland

23
Q

hormonal stimuli

A

glands are encouraged by hormones secreted by other glands. For example, the hypothalamus controls pituatary glands

24
Q

humoral stimuli

A

levels of nutriends and ions in teh blood can cause glands to secrete hormones. For example, blood calcium levels stimuli parathyroid glands

25
Q

neural stimuli

A

nerve impulses cause glands to secrete hormeones. For example, adrenaline.

26
Q

Lipid steroid hormone

A

can pass directly thurhg the targget cell membran forming a hormone receptor

27
Q

water non-steroid hormone

A

not able to pass through the membrane meaning it binds to receptors on the target cell to activaate a 2nd messenger.

Medical Anatomy & Physiology (1 decks)

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