Chapter 6 Conjunctions and Prepositions Flashcards
unless
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
a menos que
before
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
antes que
provided that
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
con tal que
in case
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
en caso que
so that
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
para que
without; unless
Conjunction used when introducing action or state that are uncertain or have not yet happened. Followed by subjunctive.
sin que
before
Preposition used when there is no change of subject. Use with the infinitive.
antes de
provided that
Preposition used when there is no change of subject. Use with the infinitive.
con tal de
in case
Preposition used when there is no change of subject. Use with the infinitive.
en caso de
so that
Preposition used when there is no change of subject. Use with the infinitive.
para
without; unless
Preposition used when there is no change of subject. Use with the infinitive.
sin
despite
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
a pesar de que
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
as soon as
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
apenas
en cuanto
luego que
ni/no bien
tan pronto como
although; even if
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
aunque
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
when
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
cuando
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
after
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
después (de) que
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
until
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
hasta que
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
while
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
mientras
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
as long as
Conjuction -Use with subjunctive when the action in the main clause has not yet occured.
siempre que
If action in main clause has already happened or happens habitually, use the indicative in adverbial clause.
It ended at midnight.
Terminó a las doce.
a = at
I bought an exotic bird from/for Juan.
Le compré un pájaro exótico a Juan.
a = from/for
Lucy was to/on my right.
Lucy estaba a mi derecha.
a = to/on
Upon returning home, I felt happy.
A llegar a casa, me sentí feliz.
a = to/at
The Caribbean Sea is two hundred and fifty miles from here.
El mar Caribe está a doscientas cincuenta millas de aquí.
a - at
I went to my parents’ house to help them after the flood.
Fui a casa de mis padres para ayudarlos después de la inundación.
a = to/at
He promised his son they would go sailing.
Le prometió a su hijo que irían a navegar.
The preposition a introduces indirect objects.
Today in the zoo, I fed a rabbit.
Hoy, en el zoo, le di de comer a un conejo.
The preposition a introduces indirect objects.
Did you see your friends in the park?
Viste a tus amigos en el parque?
When direct object is a person, it is preceded by personal a. Also used with alguien, nadie, alguno and ninguno.
No, I haven’t seen anyone.
No, no he visto a nadie.
When direct object is a person, it is preceded by personal a. Also used with alguien, nadie, alguno and ninguno.
The environmental organization is looking for volunteers.
La organización ambiental bussca voluntarios.
The personal a is not used when the person in question is not specific.
Yes, they need volunteers to clean the coast.
Si, necesitan voluntarios para limpiar la costa.
The personal a is not used when the person in question is not specific.
Manuel’s attitude toward me was negative.
La actitud de Manuel hacia mí fue negativa.
With movement, either literal or figurative, hacia means toward or to.
The biologist is headed to Puerto Rico for the interview.
El biólogo se dirige hacia Puerto Rico para la entrevista.
With movement, either literal or figurative, hacia means toward or to.
The show that we want to watch will begin around 8:00.
El programa que queremos ver empieza hacia las 8.
With time, hacia means approximately, around, about or toward.
Television became popular toward the second half of the twentieth century.
La televisión se hizo popular hacia la segunda mitad del siglo XX.
With time, hacia means approximately, around, about or toward.
I would like to speak with the director of the department.
Me gustaría hablar con el director del departamento.
The preposition con means with.
It’s an environmental organization with lots of members.
Es una organización ecológica con muchos miembres.
The preposition con means with.
She spoke about the issue carefully.
Habló del tema con cuidado.
Many English adverbs can be expressed with con + noun.
He spoke affectionately.
Hablaba con cariño.
Many English adverbs can be expressed with con + noun.
The tourists threw wrappers on the ground. But the place was so clean!
Los turistas tiararon los envoltorios al suelo. Con lo limpio que estaba todo!
Con is used to express but, even though, and in spite of.
Do you want to come with me to the countryside? Of course I want to go with you.
Quieres venire conmigo al campo? Por supuesto que quiero ir contigo.
con + mi = conmigo
con + ti = contigo
They are satisfied with themselves.
Están satisfechos consigo mismos.
Consigo = con = usted/ustedes or él/ella/ellos/ellas when the subject is the same
Cristina is not happy with herself.
Cristina no está feliz consigo.
Consigo = con = usted/ustedes or él/ella/ellos/ellas when the subject is the same
I went to the movies with him.
Fui al cine con él.
I prefer going to the park with you.
Prefiero ir al parque con usted.
