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Computer Science > Chapter 6 Computer Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Computer Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What is software?

A

Software consists of sequences of instruction called programs that can be understood and executed by hardware.

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2
Q

WHat is system software

A

It assists with the running or management of the computer

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3
Q

What is application software?

A

Software that enable the user to perform a task

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4
Q

What is the purpose of an OS?

A

It hides the complexity of the hardware.

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5
Q

What are the roles of an OS?

A
  1. Memory management
  2. File management
  3. I/O mangement
  4. Processor seceduling
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6
Q

WHat is memory management?

A

Controling how the RAM is used

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7
Q

WHat is FIle managment?

A

Organising the files and documents in the memory

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8
Q

What is I/O management

A

Monitors input and output devices such as keyboards, mice etc

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9
Q

What are utility programs?

A

Performing specific tasks to assist the computer, e.g. disk defragmentation, file compression and firewalls

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10
Q

What are library programs?

A

Compiled routines which other programs can use

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11
Q

What are translators?

A

Programming language translators translate all languages (e.g. Python Java, Assembly) into machine code (1s and 0s)

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12
Q

What are assemblers

A

Translates from assembly language into machine code

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13
Q

What are compilers?

A

Translates from high level language into machine code, all at once

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14
Q

What re interpreters?

A

Translates from high level language into machine code, line by line

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15
Q

What is object code

A

Compile code which can be run as an executable on any computer

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16
Q

What is intermediate code?

A

Code which is not directly executable, it will be interpreted/ ran by a Virtual Machine e.g. Bytecode

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17
Q

What is the state?

A

THe status of an algoritm

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18
Q

What us the trasutuih?

A

The act of moving from one state to another

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19
Q

WHat is the evemt

A

SOmething that cayse a transition to occur between state

20
Q

WHat is the action

A

The responce to an evemt before a transition

21
Q

What is the state symbol

A

A circle

22
Q

WHat is the starting state symbol

A

A circle with an arrow coming in from the left pointing at it

23
Q

What is the accept state symbol

A

A circle with a smaller circle inside it

24
Q

WHat is the connector symbole

A

An arrow leading to the next state from the original with the value required above or the value above slashed with what it will become

25
Q

Would recommend looking through the chapter in the folder to see diagrams which help explain this topic!!

A
26
Q

What is an automation

A

THe idea of putting our models of computatipn to solve real problems

27
Q

WHat is a finite state automica

A

A FSM without output
Restricted to decision problems

28
Q

WHat is a half adder

A

A lgoic circuit that adds 2 values and outputs the SUm (XOR) and the Carry (And)

29
Q

What is a full adder

A

A logic circuit that adds 3 values together A, B and the carry, and outputs the sum and the new carry

30
Q

What is a flip flop

A

A memory unit that can store one bi

31
Q

What is an edge triggered D-type flip-flop

A

a memory unit that changes state with each pulse of the clokc

32
Q

What is a clock

A

A device that generates the signal used to synchronise the components of a computer.

33
Q

Look at the folder for visual examples of flip flops.

A
34
Q

What is the purpose of a D-Type flip flop?

A

It is used to store the state of the data input, used as a memory unit for one bit.

35
Q

What are the 2 inputs of a d-type flip flop?

A

The data to be retained
The clock used to update the output

36
Q

What is the boolean symbol for XOR

A

⊕

37
Q

What is the boolean symbol for AND

A

.

38
Q

What is the boolean symbol for OR

A

+

39
Q

What is the boolean symbol for NOT

A
  • over the value
40
Q

What does A.A equal?

A

A

41
Q

What does A.¬A equal?

A

0

42
Q

What does A.1 equal?

A

A

43
Q

What does A.0 equal?

A

0

44
Q

What dies A+A equal?

A

A

45
Q

What dies A+¬A equal?

A

1

46
Q

What dies A+0 equal?

A

A

47
Q

What dies A+1 equal?

A

1

Computer Science (6 decks)

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