Chapter 6 Computer Systems

Question 1

What is software?

Answer 1

Software consists of sequences of instruction called programs that can be understood and executed by hardware.

Question 2

WHat is system software

Answer 2

It assists with the running or management of the computer

Question 3

What is application software?

Answer 3

Software that enable the user to perform a task

Question 4

What is the purpose of an OS?

Answer 4

It hides the complexity of the hardware.

Question 5

What are the roles of an OS?

Answer 5

1. Memory management
2. File management
3. I/O mangement
4. Processor seceduling

Question 6

WHat is memory management?

Answer 6

Controling how the RAM is used

Question 7

WHat is FIle managment?

Answer 7

Organising the files and documents in the memory

Question 8

What is I/O management

Answer 8

Monitors input and output devices such as keyboards, mice etc

Question 9

What are utility programs?

Answer 9

Performing specific tasks to assist the computer, e.g. disk defragmentation, file compression and firewalls

Question 10

What are library programs?

Answer 10

Compiled routines which other programs can use

Question 11

What are translators?

Answer 11

Programming language translators translate all languages (e.g. Python Java, Assembly) into machine code (1s and 0s)

Question 12

What are assemblers

Answer 12

Translates from assembly language into machine code

Question 13

What are compilers?

Answer 13

Translates from high level language into machine code, all at once

Question 14

What are interpreters?

Answer 14

Translates from high level language into machine code, line by line

Question 15

What is object code

Answer 15

Compile code which can be run as an executable on any computer

Question 16

What is intermediate code?

Answer 16

Code which is not directly executable, it will be interpreted/ ran by a Virtual Machine e.g. Bytecode

Question 17

What is the state?

Answer 17

THe status of an algoritm

Question 18

What is the transition?

Answer 18

The act of moving from one state to another

Question 19

WHat is the evemt

Answer 19

SOmething that cayse a transition to occur between state

Question 20

WHat is the action

Answer 20

The responce to an evemt before a transition

Question 21

What is the state symbol

Answer 21

A circle

Question 22

WHat is the starting state symbol

Answer 22

A circle with an arrow coming in from the left pointing at it

Question 23

What is the accept state symbol

Answer 23

A circle with a smaller circle inside it

Question 24

WHat is the connector symbole

Answer 24

An arrow leading to the next state from the original with the value required above or the value above slashed with what it will become

Question 25

Would recommend looking through the chapter in the folder to see diagrams which help explain this topic!!

Question 26

What is an automation

Answer 26

THe idea of putting our models of computatipn to solve real problems

Question 27

WHat is a finite state automica

Answer 27

A FSM without output Restricted to decision problems

Question 28

WHat is a half adder

Answer 28

A lgoic circuit that adds 2 values and outputs the SUm (XOR) and the Carry (And)

Question 29

What is a full adder

Answer 29

A logic circuit that adds 3 values together A, B and the carry, and outputs the sum and the new carry

Question 30

What is a flip flop

Answer 30

A memory unit that can store one bi

Question 31

What is an edge triggered D-type flip-flop

Answer 31

a memory unit that changes state with each pulse of the clokc

Question 32

What is a clock

Answer 32

A device that generates the signal used to synchronise the components of a computer.

Question 33

Look at the folder for visual examples of flip flops.

Question 34

What is the purpose of a D-Type flip flop?

Answer 34

It is used to store the state of the data input, used as a memory unit for one bit.

Question 35

What are the 2 inputs of a d-type flip flop?

Answer 35

The data to be retained The clock used to update the output

Question 36

What is the boolean symbol for XOR

Answer 36

⊕

Question 37

What is the boolean symbol for AND

Answer 37

.

Question 38

What is the boolean symbol for OR

Answer 38

+

Question 39

What is the boolean symbol for NOT

Answer 39

- over the value

Question 40

What does A.A equal?

Answer 40

A

Question 41

What does A.¬A equal?

Answer 41

0

Question 42

What does A.1 equal?

Answer 42

A

Question 43

What does A.0 equal?

Answer 43

0

Question 44

What dies A+A equal?

Answer 44

A

Question 45

What dies A+¬A equal?

Answer 45

1

Question 46

What dies A+0 equal?

Answer 46

A

Question 47

What dies A+1 equal?

Answer 47

1