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Government chapter 6 - brent > Chapter 6 - Brent > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Brent Flashcards

0
Q

The first ten amendments of the Constitution, which protect citizens’ democratic rights by placing restrictions on the state and national governments

A

Bill of rights

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1
Q

Also called the elastic clause; constitutional clause giving lawmakers great leeway in making laws “necessary and proper” for the execution of enumerated and implied powers

A

Necessary and proper clause

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2
Q

A principle that limits gov- ernment to only those powers granted by law

A

Limited government

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3
Q

The principle of separating powers among different branches of government in order to prevent any group or individual from gaining too much control

A

Separation of powers

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4
Q

The principle of keeping each branch of government in check through the power of another branch of government with the goal of hindering the concentration of power and thus protecting personal liberty

A

Checks and balances

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5
Q

The president’s power to refuse to sign a bill into law

A

Veto

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6
Q

The House’s power to file criminal charges against the president or any other govern- ment officials; the Senate acts as a trial court for impeachment cases

A

Impeachment

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7
Q

The power of the judicial branch of government to examine any government action and to nullify it if it is not in agreement with the court’s constitutional interpretation

A

Judicial review

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8
Q

In Marbury v. Madison (1803), Marshall cautiously declared the doctrine of judicial review

A

Marbury vs Madison

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9
Q

.

A

Preamble

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10
Q

Government by elected, representative assembly

A

Legislative branch

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11
Q

Official government count of United States citizens taken every ten years and used to determine the number of representatives for each state

A

Census

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12
Q

Honorary position given to the most senior member of the Senate’s major- ity party; he presides over the Senate when the vice president is absent

A

President pro tempore

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13
Q

The minimum number of members needed to transact business in the House or Senate

A

Quorum

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14
Q

The automatic veto of a bill if the president leaves it unsigned for ten days during a congressional adjournment

A

Pocket veto

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15
Q

The process by which a foreign- born person gains citizenship

A

Naturalization

16
Q

See necessary and proper clause (Ch. 6, 7)

A

Elastic clause

17
Q

court order that forces authorities to quickly charge and try an arrested person or else release him

A

Writ of habeas corpus

18
Q

Laws passed and applied to actions that were not criminal when they were committed; laws that impose harsher punishments than the law allowed at the time of the criminal act

A

Ex pos facto

19
Q

I DONT MNOW CUZ ITS NOT IN THE STUPID GLOASYRYRYRYR

A

Executive branch

20
Q

The presidential power to grant a person temporary postponement of punishment. See also pardon

A

Reprieve

21
Q

The president’s power to give complete forgiveness of a crime and its consequent punish- ment, thereby releasing someone from the re- mainder of his or her sentence. See also reprieve

A

Pardon

22
Q

.

A

Judicial branch

23
Q

court’s power to hear a case before it is considered by any other court. See also appellate jurisdiction

A

Original jurisdiction

24
Q

court’s power to decide appeals.

A

Appellate jurisdiction

25
Q

Legal process of returning a fugitive to the state in which he has been charged with a crime

A

Extradition

26
Q

False verbally communicated statements which damage one’s reputation or character

A

Slander

27
Q

.

A

Liable

28
Q

document requiring a person to ap- pear as a witness before a court or congressional hearing

A

Subpoena

29
Q

Money deposited to guarantee a court appearance; allows the accused freedom while awaiting trial

A

Bail

30
Q

An elected official who is still in of- fice but has not been reelected; often refers to a president who has lost an election or cannot stand for reelection and must serve out the remainder of his term

A

Lame duck

Government chapter 6 - brent (1 decks)

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