Chapter 6 - Automatic Sprinkler Systems Flashcards
According to the USFA the presence of properly designed, installed, and maintained sprinkler systems reduces the chance of death from fire by _____-_______ to _____-_______ and property losses are cut in ______-_______ or more.
one-third / two-thirds / one-half
p 139
The first sprinkler system was invented in ______ by Henry S. Parmalee, who was looking for a way to protect his large piano mill.
1874
The first standard for the design, installation, testing, and inspection of automatic sprinkler systems was written by the NFPA in ______. That standard, NFPA _____ has been in continuous publication since that date.
1896 / 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems
p 139
There are currently two additional NFPA standards that regulate the installation of automatic sprinkler systems: ?
NFPA 13D / NFPA 13 R
p 139
According to recent performance statistics published by the NFPA, when operated sprinklers were effective _____ percent of the time.
97
p 140
- Capable of maintaining human life
Tenable atmosphere
p 141
Sprinkler are kept closed by _________ __________.
thermal elements
p 142
Some systems such as ________ or _________ type sprinkler systems, operate when an electronic detector or manual control device is activated.
deluge or pre action
p 142
Every automatic sprinkler system must have a water supply of adequate __________, ___________, and ___________.
volume, pressure and reliability
p 142
Minimum water flow requirements for the system are determined by the __________ being protected, the _____________ classification, and the ______-__________ conditions.
hazard / occupancy / fuel-loading
p 142
The water supply system must be able to deliver the required volume and pressure of water to the __________ or most _________ sprinkler in a structure while maintaining a minimum residual, or remaining, pressure in the system.
highest / remote
p 142
Distribution piping:
- _________ metal (known as black steel)
- _________
- ______________ steel
- __________
- Ferrous
- Copper
- Galvanized
- Plastic
p 143
__________ metal piping is the most common type in use.
Ferrous
p 143
The wall thickness of pipe is normally referred to as the ______ ___________.
pipes schedule
p 143
The pipes schedule directly influences ________ _______ characteristics.
water flow
p 143
Sprinkler piping is typically Schedule _____, Schedule _____, or _________ _________ pipe.
10 / 40 / special listed
p 143
_________ piping has been approved for sprinkler systems since the early 1960s.
Copper
p 143
_________ pipe is the least expensive type of sprinkler system piping.
Plastic
p 143
The piping is the lightest in weight and the easiest to install.
Plastic piping
p 143
The main drawback of plastic pipe is that it may not be installed in areas where the _____________ _______________ exceeds specific limitations.
ambient temperature
p 144
- Piping that connects the sprinkler system to the main water supply.
Water supply main
p 144
- Vertical piping that extends upward from the water supply to feed the cross or feed mains.
System riser
p 145
- Pipe that rises vertically and supplies a single sprinkler
Spring
p 145
- Any vertical supply piping in the system
Riser
p 145
- Pipe that supplies water to each of the cross mains
Feed main
p 145
- Pipe that feeds the branch lines
Cross main
p 145
- Pipes that contain the individual sprinkler devices and include grid lines in gridded systems
Branch lines
p 145
The ______ _________ valve is used to shut off the water supply to the system when it is necessary to replace sprinklers or to perform other maintenance.
main control
p 145
To help insure that valves are not inadvertently left in a closed position, all valves that control water to sprinkler systems are of the ___________ ______.
indicating type
p 145
Underground valves in water distribution systems are commonly ______________ ________.
Nonindicating valves
p 145
There are three types of control valves: _________ valves, ______ valves, and ______ valves.
butterfly / gate / ball
p 145
The operating mechanism of sprinkler system control valves may be either the ______ or __________ type.
gate or butterfly
p 146
This valve consists of a close-tolerance gate that slides across a waterway ?
gate-valve
p 146
In this valve a disc rotates 90 degrees inside the waterway ?
butterfly valve
p 146
A ball valve may be used as a control valve as long as it cannot be closed in less than ____ seconds. Closing any valve in less than ____ seconds is always ill-advised because it may cause water hammer.
5 / 5
p 146
Ball valves that are listed for use in a fire sprinkler system as a control valve have a _____________.
hand wheel
p 146
In addition to control valves, sprinkler systems employ various _____________ valves, such as alarm valves, check valves, automatic drain valves, globe valves, and stop or cock valves.
operating
p 147
- Type of check valve installed in the riser of an automatic sprinkler system that transmits a water-flow alarm when the water flow in the system lifts the valve clapper.
Alarm check valve
p 147
Most systems with alarm check valves provide for a _________ ___________ to help prevent false alarms caused by water surges.
retard chamber
p 147
This small valve diverts water from the water supply into the alarm pipe and retard chamber, which allows for the testing of alarms without tripping the alarm check valve ?
test valve
p 147
These valves are used to limit the flow of water to one direction. They are placed in water sources to prevent recirculation or back flow of water from the sprinkler system into the municipal water supply ?
Check valves
p 147
These valves allow piping to drain when pressure is relieved in the pipe ?
Automatic drain valves ( also known as ball drip valves )
p 148
These are small handwheel-type valves that are primarily used on drains and test valves ?
Globe valves
p 148
These valves are also used for drains and alarm testing. Ball type valves are most commonly opened and closed with a quarter turn of the valve ?
Stop or cock valves
p 148
The _________ is the portion of the sprinkler system that reacts to the heat of a fire and then delivers water to the fire area.
sprinkler
p 148
A simple _________-sensitive device controls most automatic sprinklers. Common types of these devices are the ________ ______ and __________ ______.
thermal / fusible link / frangible bulb
p 148
In its simplest form, the _________ _______ is a solder link with a low, precisely established melting point.
fusible link
p 148
__________ ________ contain a liquid that expands when heated.
Frangible bulbs
p 148
The most common type of FDC connection is a ___ inch pipe equipped with a __________ fitting on the outside of the building.
4 inch / Siamese
p 150
Temperature rating:
Operating temperatures vary from _____F to _____F or higher.
135F to 600F
p 150
Temperature rating
For ordinary room temperatures, a sprinkler with a temperature rating of _____F to _____F is most frequently used.
135 to 170
p 150
Temperature rating:
Color-code
Sprinklers rated for temperatures from 250F to 300F are ______.
blue
p 150
The activation time of the sprinkler depends on the ________ _______, _______, and _________ characteristics of the heat-sensitive element.
surface area, mass, and thermal
p 151