Chapter 6: Art of Design

Question 1

Define Computational Thinking

Answer 1

Process of recognising aspects of computation in the world, being able to logically, algorithmically, recursively and inferentially.

It involves inferentialthinking and defining problems through:

D- Decomposition

D- Documenting steps

D- Decisions through algorithms

P- Use of Programming Languages & Software

E- Evaluating the solution

Question 2

Define Brainstorming

Answer 2

Collective or individual process where ideas are written down WITHOUT critical evaluation or criticism

Question 3

What are the ground rules for brainstorming

Answer 3

1) Relaxed environment, where everyone is encouraged to participate
2) No ideas should be judged or critiqued
3) Ideas should be only evaluated at the end

Question 4

Why is mind mapping good?

Answer 4

It can be used to communicate the SCOPE and CONSTRAINTS of the solution to others

Question 5

What are the 6 Thinking Hats?

Answer 5

1) White (Information)

2) Blue (Management)

3) Red (Emotions)

4) Green (Creativity)

5) Black (Discernment)

6) Yellow (Optimistic)

Question 6

What are Oblique Strategies?

Answer 6

Set of cards designed to promote lateral thinking -> essentially not thinking in a SET way

Question 7

List the Efficiency measures of a Software solution

Answer 7

1) Speed of processing

2) Functionality

3) Cost of File Manipulation
- processing the data within a file, such as searching, sorting which all have an associated time, thus have a cost.

Question 8

List the Effectiveness measures of a software solution

Answer 8

1) Completeness
- How complete is the information that is being produced for its intended purpose, meaning that no other information is needed from other sources. Measured based off the users needs.

2) Readability/Clarity

3) Attractiveness

4) Accuracy

5) Usability

6) Accessibility

7) Timeliness

8) Communication of message

9) Relevance

Question 9

What are some of the User Interface Characteristics?

Answer 9

1) Clear

2) Concise

3) Consistent

4) Responsive

5) Efficient

6) Familiar

7) Attractive

8) Scalable

9) Forgiving

Question 10

List some Factors that influence Design

Answer 10

1) Usability
- should cater for all user needs

2) Security: Data protection & User Authentication
- must include security, and legislation (privacy act, health act)

3) Interoperability

4) Marketability
- how much something can be bought or sold

5) PROCESSING efficiency
- a solution can have time-dependent information that is displayed once you complete one thing to the next.

Question 11

What is interoperability?

Answer 11

The capability of different solutions to communicate with one another freely and easily

Question 12

What is SCAMPER?

Answer 12

S- Substitute:

-> substituting components of the design, materials, approach, angle

C- Combine

-> Mix/blend with other ideas

A- Adapt

-> Using parts of other elements/taking inspiration

M- Modify

-> Changing attributes of the design, (e.g, shape, size, etc)

P- Put

• > Put the design to another use or idea (apply to other ideas

E- Eliminate

-> Removing elements for simplicity

R- Reverse (rearrange)

-> Design can be inversed

Question 13

What is a clear user interface?

Answer 13

Easy to read and understand

Question 14

Concise user interface?

Answer 14

Functions and explanations should be concise

Question 15

Responsive user interface?

Answer 15

Gives feedback to the user in the form of progress bars, messages for confirmation

Question 16

Familiar user interface?

Answer 16

Familiar in style of other successful interfaces, or comparisons with real life objects

Question 17

Consistent user interface?

Answer 17

Consistent navigational controls across the whole solution

Question 18

Efficient user interface

Answer 18

Allows the user to execute the tasks with minimal effort

Question 19

Scalable user interface?

Answer 19

Allows for the future additon of functionality