Chapter 6 anatomy and physiology Flashcards
The dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is :
A. Cytoplasm
B. Cell membrane
C. Nucleus
D. Chromatid
C. Nucleus
Human cells reproduce by mitosis, dividing into two identical cells called :
A. Mother cells
B. Daughter cells
C. Father cells
D. Son cells
B. Daughter cells
The ________ is the protoplasm of a cell except for the protoplasm in the nucleus.
A. Cystine
B. Neuron
C. Cytoplasm
D. Mandible
C. Cytoplasm
The chemical process through which cells are nourished and carry out their activities is called :
A. Metabolism
B. Mitosis
C. Meiosis
D. Respiration
A. Metabolism
The basic unit of all living things is the :
A. Anatomy
B. Cell
C. Muscle
D. Nerve
B. Cell
The constructive phase of metabolism is called :
A. Anabolism
B. Catabolism
C. Mitosis
D. Meiosis
A. Anabolism
Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body ?
A. Nerve tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
B. Muscle tissue
Which type of tissue lines the heart and the digestive and respiratory organs ?
A. Nerve tissue
B. Muscle tissue
C. Connective tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
D. Epithelial tissue
The connection between two or more bones is called a :
A. Ligament
B. Joint
C. Tendon
D. Muscle
B . Joint
The ________ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee .
A. Patella
B. Fibula
C. Tibia
D. Femur
C. Tibia
The oval, bony case that protects the brain is the :
A. Cranium
B. Facial skeleton
C. Hyoid bone
D. Thorax
A. Cranium
The maxillae bones form the :
A. Lower jaw
B. Upper jaw
C. Upper arm
D. Forearm
B. Upper jaw
The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium are the :
A. Parietal bones
B. Occipital bones
C. Lacrimal bones
D. Zygomatic bones
A. Parietal bones
The inner and larger bone in the forearm, attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger is the :
A. Carpus
B. Ulna
C. Metacarpus
D. Radius
B. Ulna
The foot is made up of ________ bones .
A. 6
B. 11
C. 18
D. 26
D. 26
Which muscles are known as the smooth muscles ?
A. Nonstriated muscles
B. Cardiac muscles
C. Striated muscles
D. Trapezius muscles
A. Nonstriated muscles
The part of the muscle that does not move is the :
A. Belly
B. Insertion
C. Origin
D. Tendon
C. Origin
The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the :
A. Temporal
B. Epicranius
C. Deltoid
D. Occipital
B. Epicranius
The _____________ are the muscles that straighten the wrist , hand , and fingers to form a straight line .
A. Extensors
B. Pronators
C. Supinators
D. Flexors
A. Extensors
The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are the :
A. Flexors
B. Abductors
C. Extensors
D. Adductors
D. Adductors
What is an organ
specialized tissues made to perform specific functions in plants and animals .
What is mitosis ?
process of cell reproduction of human tissues that occurs when cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells .
Skeletal system
physical foundation of body and is 206 bones that vary in size and shape also connected by movable and immovable joints .
Facial skeleton
Framework of the face that is composed of 14 bones .
Temporal bone
Two Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region .
Sphenoid bone
Bone that joins all of the bones cranium together
Occipital bone
Hindmost bone of the skull , forms the back of the skull above the nape .
Frontal bone
Bones that form the forehead
Ribs
Twelve pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax
Ulna
Inner and larger bone in forearm ( lower arm )
Attached to wrist and on the side of the little finger
Phalanges
Bones of the fingers or toes
Femur
Heavy , long bone that forms the leg above the knee
Mandible
Largest and strongest bone of the face
Radius
Smaller bone in the forearm in the same area as the thumb .
Ankle joint contains how many bones ?
3 bones
Skin
Covers body and is the external protective coating
Liver
Removes waste created by digestion
Brain
Controls the body
Eyes
Control the body’s vision
Heart
Circulates the blood
Kidneys
Excrete water and waste products
Lungs
Supply oxygen to the blood
Tibia
Larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee .
Fibula
Smaller of the two bones that form the leg below the knee.
Talus
Also known as ankle bone . Third bone of the ankle joint . Foot is made up of 26 bones .
Striated muscle
Muscles that are attached to the bones and consciously controlled .
Origin
Part of muscle that does not move and is attached closest to the skeleton
Belly
The middle part of the muscle
Insertion
Part of muscle that moves and is farthest from the skeleton
Frontalis
Portion is the epicranius ; the muscle of the scalp that raises eyebrows , draws the scalp forward and causes wrinkles across forehead
Sternocleidomastoideus
Muscle of the neck that that lowers and rotates the head
Orbicularis
Ring muscle of the eye socket ; enables you to close your eyes.
Endocrine gland
Also known as ductless glands, such as thyroid and Pituitary glands , release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream .
Name a type of endocrine gland
Thyroid or pituitary gland
How long does it take to digest food
Nine hours
What a diaphragm is
a muscular wall that separates the thorax ( chest ) from abdominal region and helps control breathing
Lungs
Spongy tissue composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for air during breathing cycle
Function of digestive enzymes
Chemicals that change certain types of food into capability to being dissolved that can be used by the body then transported by the bloodstream and used by the body’s cells and tissues
What does excretory system does ?
Group of organs including ( kidneys, liver , skin , large intestine and lungs that purifies the body by eliminating waste matter .
Pronator
Muscle that turns the hand inward so that’s the palm faces downward .
Abductor
Separated fingers
3 parts of muscles
Origin
Insertion
Belly
Divisions of nervous system
- central nervous system
- peripheral nervous system
- Automatic nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
Both a part of central nervous system . Brain is largest and most complex tissue controls sensation , muscle, activity of glands , power to think sense and feel . Spinal cord is starts in brain and comes down trunk . Both help muscles
Largest cranial nerve
A
