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Exam 3 SPHP 126 > Chapter 6 advanced unit > Flashcards

Chapter 6 advanced unit Flashcards

1
Q

What is cerebral palsy?

A

A non progressive motor disorder due to pre- peri- or post- natal damage

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2
Q

What are the types of CP?

A
  1. Spastic
  2. Athetoid
  3. Ataxic
  4. Rigid
  5. Mixed
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3
Q

What is Spastic CP?

A
  • about 50% of kids have it.

- Slow jerking movements with increased muscle tone

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4
Q

What is Athetoid CP?

A
  • about 10% of kids.

- Have slow writhing and involuntary movements.

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5
Q

What is Ataxic CP?

A
  • 5 to 10% of kids.

- Have balance problems but normal reflexes and normal muscle tone

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6
Q

What is Rigid CP?

A
  • 1% of kids.

- Simultaneous contraction of all the muscle groups

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7
Q

What is Mixed CP?

A
  • about 30% of kids.

- They might have several types

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8
Q

Speech Problems and Their Assessment for CP

A
  • Oral motor
  • Feeding
  • Slow DDK rates
  • Resonance
  • Prosody
  • Respiration
  • Phonation
  • Articulation
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9
Q

What is oral motor for CP speech problem?

A

-we have to assess speech and nonspeech tasks

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10
Q

What is slow DDK rates for CP speech problem?

A

-discoordination of tongue

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11
Q

What is prosody for CP speech problem?

A

-monotone

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12
Q

What is respiration for CP speech problem?

A

-they’re breathy, they can have rapid breathing, and wasted air, and trailing off at the ends of sentences

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13
Q

What is phonation for CP speech problem?

A

-weak and strained voice because the vocal folds are hyperadducted

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14
Q

What is articulation for CP speech problems?

A
  • They are imprecise and have weak pressure consonants
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15
Q

What is Dysarthria?

A

Neuromotor disorder affecting all systems: respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, prosody

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16
Q

What is Dysarthria due to?

A

Due to: CP, degenerative diseases, stroke

17
Q

Dysarthria Characteristics to Look for in Assessment

A
  • Breathy respiration
  • Difficulty with appropriate syllable stress
  • Artic: imprecise, distorted consonants; weak pressure consonants
  • Resonance: hypernasality
  • Phonation: monotone, monoloudness, often soft voice
  • PRAXIS tip: Festination means small, shuffling steps
18
Q

What is Childhood Apraxia of Speech?

A
  • Inconsistent errors
  • Flat prosody
  • Difficulty sequencing sounds and syllables
  • Moderately to severely unintelligible
19
Q

What did (Owens, Farinella, & Metz 2015) say about CAS?

A
  • CAS is not the result of neuromuscular weakness
  • Children with CAS have impaired motor planning and programming capabilities
  • Unable to automatically learn motor plans necessary for rapid, accurate speech production
  • Better at word level than connected speech
20
Q

CAS associated problems:

A
  • Family history in some children
  • Possible learning disability
  • Better receptive language skills, lower expressive language
  • Slow treatment progress
  • Oral apraxia/difficulty with volitional nonspeech tasks
  • Slow DDKs
  • Soft neurological signs-gross and fine motor incoordination (clumsy)
21
Q

CAS Assessment:

A
  1. Pitch, loudness, prosody
  2. Overall intelligibility
  3. Resonance-ex: hypernasality?
  4. DDKs-alternating /pupupupupu/
    And sequencial motion /putukuputuku/
  5. Sample production of same phoneme in multiple trials
  6. Ask them to produce words in both imitative and spontaneous modes
  7. Developmental history-feeding, sucking problems? Slow language development?
  8. Volitional nonspeech movements of oral muscles in isolation and in sequence
  9. Receptive and expressive language skills
  10. Articulation-give test, admin items repeatedly to assess consistency of production
  11. Connected speech sample
  12. Production of polysyllabic words—have them say the words several times, check for consistency.
22
Q

Remember :

A

inconsistency is a hallmark of CAS

23
Q

What is cleft palate?

A

cleft is an opening in a normally closed structure

24
Q

Cleft major categories:

A
  • Isolated cleft lip
  • Cleft uvula alone
  • Cleft of the hard palate
  • Adult cleft of soft palate and part of hard palate
  • Cleft of soft and hard palate
  • Combined Cleft Palate and Lip
  • Unilateral cleft of the lip and palate
  • Unilateral cleft palate and lip
  • Bilateral
25
Q

What is combined cleft palate and lip?

A

This can be unilateral or bilateral

26
Q

Assessment of Cleft Palate Patients

A
  • Difficulty with pressure consonants (stops, fricatives, affricates)
  • Nasal emission, hypernasality
  • Compensatory errors like glottal stops->hoarseness
  • Middle ear dysfunction(Eustachain tube), OME
  • Iowa Pressure Test (Part of the Templin-Darley)
  • Watch for expressive-receptive language gap
  • Listen for vocal pathology like hoarseness, soft voice due to strain on vocal folds or to VPI(velopharyngeal inadequacy)
27
Q

Cleft palate assessment strategies:

A
  1. Work with team of professionals
  2. Help plan surgical interventions
  3. Assess intelligibility in connected speech
  4. Esp. assess production of pressure consonants in words and sentences
  5. Determine presence of hypernasality on vowels and nasal emission on consonants
28
Q

Hold a mirror under the child’s nose:

A
  • Have her prolong /i/

- Mirror should be clear if there is no hypernasality

Exam 3 SPHP 126 (3 decks)

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