Chapter 6

Question 1

What are the 4 types of cognitive distortions seen in illness anxiety disorder?

Answer 1

Catastrophize, Overgeneralize, Display all or none thinking, Show selective attention

Question 2

Catastrophize and view ambiguous or mild somatic symptoms as… (cognitive distortions seen in illness anxiety disorder)

Answer 2

Indications of a severe or catastrophic illness;

Question 3

Overgeneralize by… (cognitive distortions seen in illness anxiety disorder)

Answer 3

Believing that serious illness and fatal conditions are prevalent;

Question 4

Display all or none thinking by… (cognitive distortions seen in illness anxiety disorder)

Answer 4

Believing they must be symptom free to be healthy; and

Question 5

Show selective attention to… (cognitive distortions seen in illness anxiety disorder)

Answer 5

Medical information and focus primarily on threatening possibilities

Question 6

What is the other name for conversion disorder?

Answer 6

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

Question 7

What percentage of new referrals to neurologists are suspected to be cases of conversion disorder?

Answer 7

Neurologists report that about 2 to 3 percent of new referrals involve cases of conversion disorder

Question 8

Know that individuals with factitious disorder:

Answer 8

Are often UNAWARE of the motivation for their behavior (in other words, they do it for attention, but don’t realize that’s what’s going on), and Often simulate the illness in a compulsive manner

Question 9

Biological Dimension (elements of etiology of somatic symptom disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 9

Innate sensitivity to body sensations; Lower threshold for pain; History of illness or injury; Impaired neural connectivity

Question 10

Psychological Dimension (elements of etiology of somatic symptom disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 10

Bodily sensation preoccupation; Anxiety or stressful event producing physical reactions; Catastrophic thoughts regarding bodily sensations; Social isolation

Question 11

Social Dimension (elements of etiology of somatic symptom disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 11

Parental models for injury or illness; Reinforcement from others for physical symptoms; Attention and escape from responsibilities

Question 12

Sociocultural Dimension (elements of etiology of somatic symptom disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 12

Economic stressors; Degree of knowledge about medical concepts; Cultural acceptance of physical symptoms

Question 13

What are the cross-cultural differences pertaining to psychosomatic vs. somatopsychic perspectives?

Answer 13

The dominant view in Western culture is the psychosomatic perspective, that psychological conflicts are sometimes expressed via physical symptoms. But many other cultures have a somatopsychic perspective, that physical problems produce psychological and emotional symptoms. Many of us believe that our psychosomatic view is the correct one, the somatopsychic view is the dominant perspective in most cultures.

Question 14

What are the main elements of treatment for SSDs?

Answer 14

Treatment includes the use of antidepressants to reduce anxiety or depression and the use of cognitive-behavioral strategies. The process involves psychoeducation about physical complaints, the role of distorted cognitions, and strategies for tolerating changes in bodily sensations

Question 15

What is systematized amnesia?

Answer 15

Loss of memory for certain categories of information

Question 16

Biological Dimension (elements of etiology for dissociative disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 16

Brain activation pattern differences between different personalities; Hippocampus and amygdala volume reduction; Temporal lobe involvement; Neural memory inhibition

Question 17

Psychological Dimension (elements of etiology for dissociative disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 17

Hypnotizability or suggestibility; Ability to dissociate; Exposure to stress or trauma; Inability to deal with stress

Question 18

Social Dimension (elements of etiology for dissociative disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 18

Child abuse or trauma; Lack of social support; Mislabeling dissociative experiences; Latrogenic therapist effects

Question 19

Sociocultural Dimension (elements of etiology for dissociative disorders from the multipath model)

Answer 19

Media portrayals of dissociative disorders; Role enactment; May involve experience of possession

Question 20

What are the 7 main components of treatment for DID?

Answer 20

1. Working on safety issues, emotional stabilization, and the reduction of symptoms; 2. Reducing cognitive distortions; 3. Identifying and working through the traumatic memories underlying the
   disorder; 4. Stabilizing and learning to identify and deal with current stressors; 5. Developing healthy relationships and practicing self-care; 6. Assisting all identities to view themselves as a legitimate part of the self; and 7. Integration and final fusion