Chapter 6 Flashcards
1
Q
What internal variables affect health practice?
A
- Developmental age and stage
- Intellectual background
- Perception of functioning
- Emotional and spiritual factors
2
Q
What external variables affect health practice?
A
- Family practices
- Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors
- Cultural background
3
Q
Primary prevention
A
- AKA true prevention
- Precedes disease or dysfunction and is applied to patients considered physically and emotionally healthy
- Lowers chance that a disease will develop
- Examples: immunizations, healthy choices, health questionnaires (screening for risk factors), education
4
Q
Secondary prevention
A
- Focuses on individuals who are experiencing health problems or illnesses and are at risk for developing complications or worsening conditions
- Diagnosis during early stage and prompt intervention
- Examples: Screenings for disease, acute care, regular exams
5
Q
Tertiary prevention
A
- Occurs when a defect or disability is permanent and irreversible
- Involves minimizing the effects of long-term disease or disability
- Examples: rehabilitation, intensive care, support groups
6
Q
Risk factors
A
Factors that increase the vulnerability of an individual or group to an illness or accident
7
Q
What are the 4 categories of risk factors?
A
- Age
- Genetics
- Environment
- Lifestyle
8
Q
What is evidence-based practice?
A
Use of current best evidence from nursing research, clinical expertise, practice trends, and patient preferences to guide nursing decisions about care provided to patients
9
Q
What are the 5 stages of the transtheoretical model of change?
A
- Pre-contemplation
- No intention to take action, unaware of problem - Contemplation
- Aware of unhealthy choice, intend to change in next six months - Preparation
- Ready to take action in next thirty days, making small changes - Action
- Behaviors changed over past six months - Maintenance
- Stuck to new behavior and intend to continue (begins six months after action has started and continues indefinitely)
