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x-ray tech > chapter 6 & 7 lowerl limb > Flashcards

chapter 6 & 7 lowerl limb Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones does the foot consist of

A

26

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2
Q

how many tarsals are there in the foot

A

7

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3
Q

what is included in the forefoot

A

metatarsals and toes

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4
Q

what is included in the mid foot

A

five tarsals - cuneiforms, navicular, cuboid

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5
Q

what is included in the hind foot

A

talus and calcaneus

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6
Q

what is the function of the longitudinal arch of the foot

A

shock absorber to distribute the weight of the body in all directions which permits smooth walking

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7
Q

how many phalanges are in the foot

A

14

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8
Q

what is the largest tarsal bone in the foot

A

calcaneus

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9
Q

what is the second largest tarsal bone in the foot

A

talus

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10
Q

where can a sesamoid bone be found in the lower limb

A

knee cap/patella and beneath the first first toe

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11
Q

what are the two bones of the leg called

A

tibia and fibula

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12
Q

what bone in the lower limb is considered the second largest bone in the body

A

tibia

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13
Q

is the tibia on the medial or lateral side

A

medial

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14
Q

is the fibula on the medial or lateral side

A

lateral

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15
Q

what is the largest and strongest bone in the body

A

femur

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16
Q

the head of the femur articulates with…?

A

acetabulum of the hip

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17
Q

what is another name for patella

A

knee cap

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18
Q

true or false; the patella is the largest and most constant sesamoid bone in the body

A

true

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19
Q

what is the ankle joint called

A

ankle mortise, morose joint

20
Q

what is a port fracture

A

avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus with loss of the ankle mortise

21
Q

what is a jones fracture

A

avulsion fracture of the base of the fifth metatarsal

22
Q

where is the CR for AP toes

A

perpendicular through the third MTP joint, to open joints spaces angle CR 15 degrees posteriorly

23
Q

where is the CR for AP or AP axial foot

A

10 degrees posteriorly entering base of third metatarsal or perpendicular to base of third metatarsal

24
Q

where is the CR for a oblique foot

A

perpendicular to the base of the third metatarsal

25
Q

where is the CR for a lateral foot

A

perpendicular to the base of the third metatarsal

26
Q

where is the CR for a axial calcaneus

A

40 degrees cephalic entering the base of the third metatarsal

27
Q

where is the CR for a lateral calcaneus

A

1 inch distal to medial malleolus

28
Q

where is the CR for a AP ankle

A

perpendicular through the ankle joint at a point midway between the malleoli

29
Q

where is the CR for a lateral ankle

A

entering the medial malleolus

30
Q

how much do you rotate the ankle for a an oblique view

A

45 degrees medially (internally)

31
Q

how much do you rotate the ankle for a mortise view

A

15 to 20 degrees medially (internally)

32
Q

how do you know if you did the mortise view correct

A

you see all three joints open

33
Q

where is the CR for a AP tib/fib

A

perpendicular to center of the leg

34
Q

where is the CR for a AP knee

A

directed to a point 1/2 inch inferior to the patellar apex

35
Q

if the measurement between the ASIS and the table top is less than 19cm, what is the angle for the AP knee.

A

3-5 degrees caudal (thin pelvis)

36
Q

if the measurement between the ASIS and the table top is more than 24 cm, what is the angle for the AP knee.

A

3-5 degrees cephalic (large pelvis)

37
Q

if the measurement between the ASIS and the table top is between 19 and 24 cm, what is the angle for the AP knee.

A

0 degrees

38
Q

where is the CR for a lateral knee

A

directed to the knee joint 1 inch distal to the medial epicondyle at an angle of 5-7 degrees cephalic

39
Q

for the oblique knee how much do you rotate the limb.

A

45

40
Q

where is the CR for a proximal AP femur.

A

perpendicular to mid femur; top of IR at the level of the ASIS

41
Q

where is the CR for a distal AP femur.

A

perpendicular to mid femur; bottom of IR 2 inches below the knee joint

42
Q

why do you internally rotate the limb in a AP femur.

A

to place the femoral neck in profile

43
Q

what is another name for the hip bone.

A

os coxae, innominate

44
Q

what three parts make up the hip bone

A

ilium, pubis, ischium

45
Q

the pubis, ilium, and ischium all make up what.

A

acetabulum

46
Q

what part of the femur does the acetabulum accept.

A

head of femur

x-ray tech (5 decks)

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