Chapter 6-7 Flashcards
C (light constant)
3 x 10^8 m/s
c = λv
λ
wavelength (in m)
v
frequency (s^-1 or Hz)
Energy for 1 Photon of light
ΔE = h ∙ ν
Planck’s constant
h = 6.626 x 10-34 J ∙ s
En
electron energy associated with this orbit number
Potential energy
En = (-RH)/n^2
Rydberg’s constant
2.178 x 10^-18 J
n
orbit number or energy level
Energy emitted
∆En = -Rh [ (1/n^2) - (1/n^2) ]
n final - n initial
Electron Configuration
Starts at 1s2 2s2 2p6…
Noble Gases can be used as Shortcut
More negatively charged = add electrons
More positively charged = remove electrons
Electrons are always removed from the s-subshell first in order to keep electrons in the higher energy subshell.
Exceptions (take away 1 electron from s group and add to d group from expected outcome):
Cr, Mo
Cu, Ag, Au
Quantum Numbers
Quantum numbers is a four-digit code that represents a particular electron in the electron cloud. Every combination is unique.
(n, ℓ, ml, ms)
n
n = principal energy level (which shell) (the number in front of your subshell 3d)
1,2,3,4
l
ℓ = shape of the orbital (where this electron is likely found ≈ 95%) (which subshell) (region on the P.T.)
0,1,2,3
Ml
ml = orientation of the orbital (which orbital) (pair)
-l to l
