Chapter 6 Flashcards
Makapasar kooooo!
Its a stain, identifies wbc, epithelial cells and cast.
Delineates structure and contrasting colors of the nucleus.
Sternheimer-Malbin
Stain. Enhances nuclear detail
Differentiates WBCs and RTE cells
Toluidine blue
Stain. Lyces RBCs and enhances nuclei of WBCs
Distinguishes rbc from wbc
2% acetic acid
Stain triglycerides and neutral fats
Identify free fat droplets and lipid-containing cells and casts
Lipid stains: Oil Red O and Sudan III
Stain. Differentiates gram (+) and gram (-)
Identifies bacterial casts
Gram stain
Stain. Methylene blue and eosinophil Y stains
Identifies urinary eosinophils
Hansel stain
Stains structures containing iron
Identifies yellow brown granules of hemosiderin
Prussian blue stain
Used for routine urinalysis
Bright-field microscopy
Enhances visualization of elements with low refractive indices
Phase-contrast microscopy
Aids in identification of cholesterol
Polarizing microscopy
Aids in identification of treponema pallidum
Dark-field microscopy
Allows visualization of naturally flourescent microorganisms
Flourescence microscopy
Produces a three dimensional microscopy image and layer-by-layer imaging of specimen
Interference contrast
Provide optimal viewing of the illuminated field.
Kohler illumination
RBCs size
7 mm in diameter
Irregularly shaped
The cells shrink due to the loss of water
CRENATED
Hypersthenuric urine
The cells absorb H2O, swell, and lyse rapidly
Release the hemoglobin and leaving only the cell membrane. DILUTE
Hyposthenuria urine
Large empty cells
Ghost cells
RBCs that vary in size, cellular variations.
Have ass. primarily with GLOMERULAR BLEEDING.
Dysmorphic
WBCs size
12 mm in diameter
Are much easier to identify than RBCs because they contain granules and multilobed nuclei.
Lyse rapidly in Dilute alkaline urine
Neutrophil
Primarily associated with drug induced intersitial nephritis
Not normally seen in the urine
Eosinophil
The smallest WBCs, they may resemble RBCs
Lymphocytes
Usually larger than WBCs w/ an eccentrically located NUCLEUS
Renal tubular epithelial cells
Increase in urinary WBCs
Indicated the presence of infection
Pyuria
They are derived from the linings of the genitourinary system
Epithelial cells
Are the largest cell found in the urine sediment
Squamous Epithelial Cells
Squamous epithelial are originated from the…
Vagina, female urethra and lower portion of the male urethra
Lab diagnosis of S.E.C
Vaginal wet preparations
Are smaller than squamous cells
Transitional epithelial cells
Are larger than RTE Cells
Proximal Convulated Tubule
Are smaller than those from the PCT
They can be mistaken for WBCs and Spherical transitional e.c
Distal Convulated Tubule
Hemoglobin present in the filtrate is absorbed by RTE Cells
Hemosiderin
May contain the characteristics yellow brown hemosiderin
RTE cells
Lipid containing RTE cells
Usually seen in conjunction w/ free-floating fat droplets
Oval fat bodies
Is most frequently ass. w/ damage to the glomerulus caused by nephrotic syndrome
Lipiduria
Appearance of bacteria
Small spherical and rod shaped
