Chapter 6

Question 1

Who were the two opposing sides in the American Revolution?

Answer 1

Patriots and the British

Question 2

What was an advantage for the Americans during the American Revolution?

Answer 2

fighting on their own land for their own cause

Question 3

Loyalists, also known as _____________ were colonists who opposed independence.

Answer 3

Tories

Question 4

Hessians were ______________ mercenaries, or hired soldiers, who fought for the British.

Answer 4

German

Question 5

_______ was the leader of the Continental Army.

Answer 5

Washington

Question 6

Which Patriot was executed for spying on Great Britain?

Answer 6

Nathan Hale

Question 7

Some African Americans took up arms to fight for the Patriots in the American Revolution. (true or false)

Answer 7

true

Question 8

What American victory helped build morale during the harsh winter of 1776?

Answer 8

The Battles of Trenton and Princeton

Question 9

When the British captured Philadelphia, most members of the Continental Congress were arrested. (true or false)

Answer 9

false

Question 10

At the Battle of Saratoga, American forces surrounded British troops and forced British General John Burgoyne to surrender. (true or false)

Answer 10

true

Question 11

Loyalists were often shunned, or ignored, by their neighbors who supported the revolution. (true or false)

Answer 11

true

Question 12

What did New Jersey’s governor, William Livingston, believe about slavery?

Answer 12

It was inconsistent with the principles of Christianity and humanity.

Question 13

The war was a hardship not only for the soldiers who fought, but also for the people back home.

Answer 13

true

Question 14

Thaddeus Kosciuszko helped build important defenses for the Americans. (true or false)

Answer 14

true

Question 15

____________ was a former Prussian military officer who helped train the Continental Army to become a more effective fighting force.

Answer 15

Friedrich von Steuben

Question 16

During the winter of 1778, many Continental Army soldiers deserted. The word desert means to ____________.

Answer 16

leave without permission

Question 17

Spain formed an alliance with Great Britain and sent troops to fight against American forces. (true or false)

Answer 17

false

Question 18

During the harsh winter of 1778, the Continental Army enjoyed comfortable conditions in Philadelphia. (true or false)

Answer 18

false

Question 19

The Continental Congress sent Jonathan Austin to France to deliver the news of the American victory in the _______________.

Answer 19

Battle of Saratoga

Question 20

Which Founder was essential in getting the support of France during the American Revolution?

Answer 20

Benjamin Franklin

Question 21

After he gave up the campaign to conquer the Carolinas, General Cornwallis and his troops retreated to ____.

Answer 21

Virginia

Question 22

British threats caused many people in the Carolinas to remain loyal to the British. (true or false)

Answer 22

false

Question 23

Bernardo de Gálvez helped the American side by ____.

Answer 23

shipping supplies and ammunition up the Mississippi River to American troops

Question 24

American forces led by Francis Marion used hit-and-run attacks against British forces. (true or false)

Answer 24

true

Question 25

The surrender of ____ in May of 1780 marked the worst American defeat of the war.

Answer 25

Charles Town, South Carolina

Question 26

American officer John Paul Jones became famous during the war for ____.

Answer 26

successfully raiding British ports

Question 27

During the American Revolution, Congress authorized private merchant ships to sail as privateers, meaning they could be outfitted with weapons and capture enemy ships and cargo. (true or false)

Answer 27

true

Question 28

The British used their navy to form a blockade of American harbors. To create a blockade means to ____.

Answer 28

prevent ships from entering or leaving a harbor

Question 29

Some Native American tribes sided with the British and raided American settlements. (true or false)

Answer 29

true

Question 30

Which British commander was nicknamed the “hair buyer” because he paid Native Americans for settlers’ scalps?

Answer 30

Henry Hamilton

Question 31

How did the arrival of Comte de Rochambeau help the Patriot cause?

Answer 31

He brought with him thousands of soldiers to fight with the Patriots.

Question 32

After the first French fleet arrived, what was General Washington’s original strategy, or plan of attack?

Answer 32

to await a second French fleet, then attack the British position in New York

Question 33

Why did General Washington advance on Yorktown instead of New York?

Answer 33

He learned that the second French fleet would land much farther south.

Question 34

Why did General Washington keep his plan to advance to Yorktown a secret from everyone, including his own soldiers?

Answer 34

to prevent General Clinton from going to help General Cornwallis

Question 35

The second French fleet prevented General Cornwallis from escaping from Yorktown by sea. (true or false)

Answer 35

true

Question 36

The British surrender at the Battle of Yorktown brought an immediate end to the American Revolution. (true or false)

Answer 36

false

Question 37

The ________, which was signed in September 1783, was the final agreement to end the war.

Answer 37

Treaty of Paris