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BIOC 3101 > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the non-essential amino acids?

A

glutamate
glutamine

glycine

proline
serine

tyrosine

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2
Q

What happens in transamination reactions?

A

transfer of NH3+

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3
Q

What type of reaction is pyridoxal phosphate involved in?

A

PLP
transamination
amino acid > alpha keto acid > amino acid

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4
Q

What family does pyruvate, alphaketoglutarate and oxaloacetate belong to?

A

alpha keto acids

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5
Q

What precursor is required to synthesise alanine?

A

pyruvate

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6
Q

What precursor is required to synthesise aspartate

A

oxaloacetate

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7
Q

What precursor is required to synthesise aspargine?

A

Aspartate which is synthesised from oxaloacetate

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8
Q

What reaction conditions are required to synthesis Aspargine?

A

ATP > AMP
Glutamine> glutamate
Aspargine synthetase

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9
Q

What precursor is required for the synthesis of glutamate?

A

alpha ketoglutarate

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10
Q

What precursor if required for the synthesis of glutamine?

A

glutamate which is synthesized from alpha ketoglutarate

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11
Q

What is the intermediate formed in the synthesis of glutamine

A

gamma glutamyl phosphate

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12
Q

What conditions are required for the synthesis of glutamine

A

ATP>ADP

glutamine synthase

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13
Q

Arginine, ornithine, and proline belong to which family of amino acids?

A

glutamate

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14
Q

How is proline synthesized

A

glutamate> glutamate 5 phosphate (glutamyl kinase)
>glutamate 5 semialdehyde (NADPH reduction)
>pyrroline-5-carboxylate (internal Schiff base)
> Proline (NADPH reduction)

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15
Q

How is ornithine synthesised?

A

glutamate-5-semialdehyde transamination

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16
Q

How is arginine synthesised?

A

from ornithine via the urea cycle

17
Q

What family do serine, cysteine and glycine belong to?

A

3-phosphoglycerate

18
Q

how is serine synthesised?

A
  1. transamination

2. phosphate group hydrolysis

19
Q

how is cysteine synthesised?

A

methionine
> serine and homocysteine
>cystathionine
>cysteine and alphaketobutyrate

20
Q

what family do lysine, methionine and threonine belong to?

A

Aspartate

21
Q

how is methionine synthesised?

A
  1. CH3 to homocysteine by N5 THF carbon shuttle

2. methionine synthase and coenzyme vit B12

22
Q

What are some consequences of high homocysteine?

A

cardiovascular disease

23
Q

What is the starting reactanct for synthesising Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine?

A

pyruvate

BIOC 3101 (1 decks)

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