Chapter 6

Question 1

Periodic Law

Answer 1

When arranged by increasing atomic #, the elements display a regular, repeating pattern of properties

Question 2

Metals

Answer 2

Lose electrons
Shiny
High melting point
Conduct electricity
Magnetic
Malleable

Question 3

Nonmetals

Answer 3

Gain electrons
Dull
Brittle
Non-conductors

Question 4

Metalloids

Answer 4

Shiny
Brittle
Semi-conductors

Question 5

3 Major Periodic Trends

Answer 5

Atomic radius
Ionization energy
Electronegativity

Question 6

Atomic radius

Answer 6

How big atom is
1/2 distance between 2 bonded atoms
Increase down a group, decrease across a period

Question 7

Ionization energy

Answer 7

Energy required to remove 1 electron from atom
Low ionization-less energy needed
Decrease down group, increase across period

Question 8

Electronegativity

Answer 8

Measure of atom’s attraction to another’s electrons
Flourine mlst electronegative element
Decrease down group, increase across period

Question 9

Reactivity

Answer 9

Most reactive metals-largest=best electron givers

Most reactive nonmetals-smallest=best electron takers

Question 10

Ionic Radii

Answer 10

Cations=smaller than original, lose electrons/energy levels

Anions=larger than original, gain electrons/energy levels

Question 11

Diatomic elements

Answer 11

Always found bonded to itself in nature

H2, O2, N2, Cl2, Br2, I2, F2

Question 12

Oxidation state (charge)

Answer 12

Chage an element can form or has formed

Question 13

Polyatomic Ions

Answer 13

Charged particles made of more than one atom

Question 14

Nitrate

Answer 14

(NO3)^-1

Question 15

Carbonate

Answer 15

(CO3)^-2

Question 16

Phosphate

Answer 16

(PO4)^-3