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Esthetics > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

Anatomy

1
Q

Abductors

A

muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, away from the midline of the body or of an extremity. in the hand, abductors separate the fingers.

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2
Q

absorption

A

the transport of fully digested food into the circulatory system to feed the tissues and cells.

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3
Q

adductors

A

muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm, or toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity. in the hand, a Duck Tours draw the fingers together

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4
Q

adipose tissue

A

a specialized connective tissue considered fat, which gives smoothness and Contour to the body and cushions and insulates the body.

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5
Q

adrenal glands

A

glands that secrete about 30 steroid hormones and control metabolic processes of the body, including the fight or flight response.

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6
Q

anabolism

A

constructive metabolism, the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones.

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7
Q

angular artery

A

artery that supplies blood to the side of the nose.

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8
Q

anterior auricular artery

A

artery that supplies blood to the front part of the ear.

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9
Q

aorta

A

the body’s largest artery. They’re arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be distributed by Branch arteries through the body.

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10
Q

arteries arteries

A

thick walled muscular and flexible tubes that carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the capillaries throughout the body.

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11
Q

arterioles

A

small arteries that deliver blood to capillaries.

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12
Q

atrioventricular valves

A

abbreviated ATV, valves which are designed to prevent the blood from flowing back into the pumping chamber.

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13
Q

atrium

A

thin walled, upper chamber of the heart through which blood is pumped to the ventricles. There is a right atrium and a left atrium.

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14
Q

auricularis interior

A

muscle in front of the air that draws the ear forward.

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15
Q

auricularis posterior

A

muscle behind the ear that draws the ear backward.

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16
Q

auricularis superior

A

muscle above the ear that draws the ear upward.

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17
Q

auriculotemporal nerve

A

nerve that affects the external ear and skin above the temple, up to the top of the skull.

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18
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

abbreviated ANS, the part of the nervous system that controls the involuntary muscles, regulates the action of the smooth muscles, glands, blood vessels, and heart.

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19
Q

Axon

A

the extension of a neuron through which impulses are sent away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles.

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20
Q

belly

A

middle of a muscle.

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21
Q

biceps

A

muscle producing the Contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm

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22
Q

blood

A

nutritive fluid circulating through the circulatory system( heart, veins, arteries, and capillaries) to supply oxygen and nutrients to cells and tissues and to remove carbon dioxide and waste from them.

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23
Q

blood vessels

A

tube-like structures that transport blood to and from the heart, and to various tissues of the body, include arteries, arterioles , capillaries, venules, and veins.

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24
Q

body systems

A

also known as systems, groups of bodily organs acting together to perform one or more functions. The human body is composed of 11 major systems.

25
Q

brachial artery

A

located in the upper arm, the berkiel artery is a major blood vessel which runs down the arm and ends by dividing into the radial and ulnar arteries, which run down through the forearm.

26
Q

brain

A

part of the central nervous system contained in the cranium, largest and most complex nerve tissue, control sensation, muscles, granular activity, and the power to think and feel.

27
Q

brain stem

A

structure that connects the spinal cord to the brain.

28
Q

buccal nerve

A

nerve that affects the muscles of the mouth.

29
Q

buccinator

A

then, flat muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses the cheeks and expels air between the lips.

30
Q

capillaries

A

tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect the smaller arteries to the veins. Capillaries bring nutrients to the cells and carry away waste materials.

31
Q

cardiac muscle

A

the involuntary muscle that is the heart. this type of muscle is not found in any other part of the body.

32
Q

carpus

A

also known as wrist, a flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones (carpals) held together by ligaments.

33
Q

catabolism

A

the phase of metabolism that involves the breaking down of complex compounds within the cells into smaller ones, often resulting in the release of energy to perform functions such as muscular efforts, secretions, or digestion.

34
Q

cell membrane

A

part of the cell that encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell.

35
Q

cells

A

basic unit of all living things, minute mass of protoplasm capable of Performing all the fundamental functions of life.

36
Q

central nervous system

A

abbreviated CNS, cerbrospinal nervous system, consists of the brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves.

37
Q

cerebellum

A

lies at the base of the cerebrum and is attached to the brainstem, this term is Latin for little brain.

38
Q

cervical cutaneous nerve

A

nerve located at the side of the neck that affects the front and sides of the neck as far down as the breastbone.

39
Q

cervical nerves

A

nerves that originate at the spinal cord, whose branches Supply the muscles and scalp at the back of the head and neck, affect the side of the neck and the platysma muscle

40
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

the seven bones of the top part of the vertebral column, located in the neck region.

41
Q

circulatory system

A

also known as cardiovascular system or vascular system, system that controls the steady circulation of the blood through the body by means of the heart and blood vessels.

42
Q

clavicle

A

also known as collarbone, bone joining the sternum and scapula.

43
Q

common carotid arteries

A

arteries that Supply blood to the face, head, and neck.

44
Q

connective tissue

A

fibrous tissue that binds together, protects, and supports the various parts of the body such as bone, cartilage, and tendons. Examples of connective tissue are bone, cartilage, ligaments, tendons, blood, lymph, and fat.

45
Q

corrugator muscle

A

facial muscle that draws eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically.

46
Q

cranium

A

oval, bony case that protects the brain.

47
Q

cytoplasm

A

all the photo plasm of a cell except that which is in the nucleus, the watery fluid containing food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair.

48
Q

defecation

A

elimination of feces from the body.

49
Q

deltoid

A

large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint that allows the arm to extend outward into the side of the body.

50
Q

dendrites

A

tree like branching of nerve fibers extending from a nerve cell, short nerve fibers that carry impulses toward the cell and receive impulses from other neurons.

51
Q

deoxyribonucleic acid

A

abbreviated DNA, the blueprint material of genetic information, contains all the information that controls the function of every living cell.

52
Q

depressor anguli Oris

A

also known as triangularis muscle, muscle extending alongside the chin that pulls down the corner of the mouth.

53
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

also known as quadratus labii inferioris, muscle surrounding the lower lip that depresses the lower lip and draws it to one side.

54
Q

diaphragm

A

muscular wall that separates the thorax from the abdominal region and helps control breathing.

55
Q

diencephalon

A

located in the uppermost part of the midbrain, consists of two main parts the thalamus and the hypothalamus.

56
Q

digestion

A

breakdown of food by mechanical and chemical means.

57
Q

digestive enzymes

A

chemicals that change certain kinds of food into a form that can be used by the body.

58
Q

digestive system

A

also called the gastrointestinal system, responsible for changing food into nutrients and wastes, consists of the mouth, stomach, intestines, salivary and gastric glands and other organs.

59
Q

eleventh cranial nerve

A

also known as accessory nerve, a motor nerve that controls the motion of the neck and shoulder muscles.

Esthetics (1 decks)

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