Chapter 6: 6-1, 6-2

Question 0

List 5 primary functions of the skeletal system??

Answer 0

1: Structural Support
2: Storage of minerals(calcium) and lipids(yellow marrow).
3: Blood Cell Production (red marrow)
4: Protection
5: Leverage

Question 1

The skeletal system includes…

Answer 1

• All the bones of the skeleton
• Cartilage
• Ligament
• Connective Tissue

Question 2

How many bones does a adult skeleton contain??

Answer 2

206

Question 3

Bones are classified by…

Answer 3

• Shape
• Internal Tissue Organization
• Bone Markings

Question 4

List the 6 broad categories of human skeletal bone.

Answer 4

1: Sutural
2: Irregular
3: Short
4: Flat
5: Long
6: Sesamoid

Question 5

Define Sutural Bones.

Answer 5

Wormian bones. Extra Small, flat, irregularly shaped bones within the flat bones the the skull.

Functions:
-diagnose disease(brittle bone disease)

Question 6

Define Irregular bones.

Answer 6

Any group of bones having a weird or complex form.

Function:

• protection of nervous tissue(spine)
• multiple anchor points(sacrum)

Include:

• Jaw bones
• Hyoid(tongue attachment)
• Vertebrae
• Coccyx

Question 7

Define Short Bones.

Answer 7

Small, cubed-shaped, solid bones with a large Articular surface in order to articulate with more than one bone.

Function:

• Provide some shock absorption.
• Support/Stability (no movement)

Include:

• Tarsals
• Carpals

Question 8

Flat Bones??

Answer 8

Thin bones ossified by the formation of two connective tissues and consist of two thin layers of compact bone with a lot of cancellous bone in between.

Function:

• protection
• broad surfaces for muscle attachment
• most red blood cells formed here

Include:

• sternum
• ribs
• cranial bones
• scapula

Question 9

Long bones??

Answer 9

Composed of long, cylindrical shafts with wide, protruding ends. Longer than they are wide.

Function:

• serve as levers
• inorganic salt regulation
• formation of blood

Include:

• phalanges
• metacarpals
• femur
• radius

Question 10

Sesamoid Bones??

Answer 10

Small, flat, and shaped like a sesame seed. Develop inside tendons and are mostly found near joints.

Function:

• provide protection
• improve mechanical advantage of musculotendinous units.

Include:

• patella
• pisiform of wrist
• also found in thumb and fat toe.

Question 11

Describe Bone Markings??

Answer 11

Surface features that enhance their functional relationships and describe anatomical information. Divided into:
1: processes, which form joints or attachment points.

2: cavities, which contain tendons, vessels

Question 12

Define Diaphysis??

Answer 12

Long, cylindrical shaft of Long Bones forming the Diaphysis Wall and made of a cortex of compact bone.

Question 13

Define Epiphysis??

Answer 13

The expanded ends of Long Bones shaped specifically to join at joint. Formed of spongy, cancellous bone.

Question 14

Define Metaphysis??

Answer 14

The growing, narrow zone connecting Diaphysis and Epiphysis.

Question 15

Define Periosteum??

Answer 15

Dense, fibrous outer membrane of Diaphysis.

Question 16

Define Endosteum??

Answer 16

Dense, fibrous membrane lining inside of Diaphysis.

Question 17

Define Diploë??

Answer 17

“Twofold”. Layer of Spongy Bone between two layers of Compact Bone within Cranium. Contains red marrow, but no medullary canal.