Chapter 6 Flashcards
What type of bonding occurs between an antigen and antibody?
Non covalent bonds such as Van der Waals, hydrophobic interactions, electrostatic
What is the most striking feature of antibody- antigen interactions?
Its specificity
What does affinity mean?
Associate constant [K] of a single Ag- combing site (Ab) with monovalent antigenic determinant (ligand)
What does avidity mean?
Summation of multiple affinities
What is a cytoxicity assay?
It measures the ability of cytotoxic T cells to kill radiolabeled target cells expressing the antigen to which the cytotoxic T cells are synthesized
How is antibody- dependent cell- mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) measured in NK cells?
NK cells are cultured with radiolabeled target cells bound to target cell specific antibodies. The rationale for this approach is based on the fact that NK cells express membrane Fc receptors that bind to the Fc region of certain immunoglobulin isotypes
What are cell culture systems used for?
A tool to facilitate our understanding of many developmental or maturational and physiologic properties of a cell
What is the major advantage of using cloned cell lines?
A large numbers of cells can be generated for investigation
What have cloned T cell lines been used for?
In the identification and biochemical characterization of cytokines, leading to the ultimate cloning of genes that encodes these proteins
What are the types of animal models used in immunology?
Inbred strains of animals such as mice, rats, and guinea pigs— all members of inbred strains of animals are genetically identical (syngeneic)
What was made possible through the use of inbred strains?
Knowledge of the laws of transplantation and the fact that the MHC is the major genetic barrier to transplantation
