Chapter 6 Flashcards
Bilirubin (2)
Old red blood cells break down and separated into yellow-orange pigment Excess gets pooped out Too much = jaundice
Bolus
Food that is all chewed up and ready to swallow
Exo
Outside Outward
Exocrine
When glands send products through excretory ducts = eliminating waste
Goes to:
organs,
tissues,
vessels
Sphincter
Circular band muscle tissue
Tighten or close a hole (opening) in body
Eg: lower esophageal (cardiac)
regulated speed and movement
Triglycerides (3)
- Fat
- Comes from food or our own bodies
- Made from (1) glycerol + (3) fatty acids
Bucca
Cheeks
Saliva - Why important? - how many in mouth?
- Contain important enzymes
- start chemical breakdown of food
- 3 in mouth
Upper GI system (4)
Mouth
Pharynx (throat)
Esophagus
Stomach
Pharynx
Throat
Mastication
mechanically breaking down food
Dentin (2)
under the enamel
main structure of tooth
Pulp
middle of tooth
holdes nerves & blood vessels
gingiva
gums
deglutition
process of food moving to back of throat for swallowing
papillae
(pap-pe-lay)
found on the tongue contain taste buds
4 taste sensations on the tongue
sweet
salty
bitter
sour
Hard Palate
anterior
Function: feeding, speech
Soft Palate (2)
posterior divider between he nose and the throat
Function:
speech
Prevents food from entering nose (gag reflux)
uvula
v-shapped
pushes food down throat
soft, fleshy
trachea
tube that leads to the lungs
esophagus
part of the pharynx
leads to the stomach
Epiglottis
small flap cartilage
prevents food from going into the trechea
flap folds down to cover the vocal cords
Duodenum (3)
(DUO-DE-NUM)
Small Insestine
Uppermost segment
10 in long
C-shaped loop
Chemical digestion (brunners glands)
Lower Esophageal (Cardiac)
(Sphincter)
First stop for food when entering tummy
doesn’t let food back up into the esophagus
Fundus of stomach
under diaphragm
Filled with Air
Main Storage Area
Gastric Body
Largest part of organ
Main Storage Area
Pyloric
After/below body
Pylorus (Sphincter)
Where most digestion happens
Funnel-shapped
most distal of stomach
Greater Curvature
large
convex
Lesser Curvature
rugae
folds that unfold as the stomach expands
(macroscopic longitudinal folds)
Chyme
chewed up food is turned into this liquid state
Peristalsis
when muscles contract to push food
through the GI system
Rhythmic
Small Intestine (3 parts)
Duodenum
Jejunum
ileum
20 ft tubes
