Chapter 6

Question 1

Bilirubin (2)

Answer 1

Old red blood cells break down and separated into yellow-orange pigment Excess gets pooped out Too much = jaundice

Question 2

Bolus

Answer 2

Food that is all chewed up and ready to swallow

Question 3

Exo

Answer 3

Outside Outward

Question 4

Exocrine

Answer 4

When glands send products through excretory ducts = eliminating waste

Goes to:
organs,
tissues,
vessels

Question 5

Sphincter

Answer 5

Circular band muscle tissue

Tighten or close a hole (opening) in body

Eg: lower esophageal (cardiac)

regulated speed and movement

Question 6

Triglycerides (3)

Answer 6

• Fat
• Comes from food or our own bodies
• Made from (1) glycerol + (3) fatty acids

Question 7

Bucca

Answer 7

Cheeks

Question 8

Saliva - Why important? - how many in mouth?

Answer 8

• Contain important enzymes
• start chemical breakdown of food
• 3 in mouth

Question 9

Upper GI system (4)

Answer 9

Mouth

Pharynx (throat)

Esophagus

Stomach

Question 10

Pharynx

Answer 10

Throat

Question 11

Mastication

Answer 11

mechanically breaking down food

Question 12

Dentin (2)

Answer 12

under the enamel

main structure of tooth

Question 13

Pulp

Answer 13

middle of tooth

holdes nerves & blood vessels

Question 14

gingiva

Answer 14

gums

Question 15

deglutition

Answer 15

process of food moving to back of throat for swallowing

Question 16

papillae

(pap-pe-lay)

Answer 16

found on the tongue contain taste buds

Question 17

4 taste sensations on the tongue

Answer 17

sweet

salty

bitter

sour

Question 18

Hard Palate

Answer 18

anterior

Function: feeding, speech

Question 19

Soft Palate (2)

Answer 19

posterior divider between he nose and the throat

Function:
speech
Prevents food from entering nose (gag reflux)

Question 20

uvula

Answer 20

v-shapped

pushes food down throat

soft, fleshy

Question 21

trachea

Answer 21

tube that leads to the lungs

Question 22

esophagus

Answer 22

part of the pharynx

leads to the stomach

Question 23

Epiglottis

Answer 23

small flap cartilage

prevents food from going into the trechea

flap folds down to cover the vocal cords

Question 24

Duodenum (3)

(DUO-DE-NUM)

Answer 24

Small Insestine

Uppermost segment

10 in long

C-shaped loop

Chemical digestion (brunners glands)

Question 25

Lower Esophageal (Cardiac)

(Sphincter)

Answer 25

First stop for food when entering tummy

doesn’t let food back up into the esophagus

Question 26

Fundus of stomach

Answer 26

under diaphragm

Filled with Air

Main Storage Area

Question 27

Gastric Body

Answer 27

Largest part of organ

Main Storage Area

Question 28

Pyloric

Answer 28

After/below body

Question 29

Pylorus (Sphincter)

Answer 29

Where most digestion happens

Funnel-shapped

most distal of stomach

Question 30

Greater Curvature

Answer 30

large

convex

Question 31

Lesser Curvature

Answer 31

Question 33

rugae

Answer 33

folds that unfold as the stomach expands

(macroscopic longitudinal folds)

Question 34

Chyme

Answer 34

chewed up food is turned into this liquid state

Question 35

Peristalsis

Answer 35

when muscles contract to push food
through the GI system

Rhythmic

Question 37

Small Intestine (3 parts)

Answer 37

Duodenum

Jejunum

ileum

20 ft tubes