Chapter 6 Flashcards
Homolysis
Equally dividing electrons to get uncharged intermediates with unpaired electrons.
Heterolysis
Unequally dividing electrons to get charged intermediates.
Keq trend
If K>1, then log K is positive making G negative which means that it favors the products.
And vice versa
Keq vs. G
Large K means a more negative G. Smaller K gives higher and larger G.
S trend
Reactions with higher disorder in products, more S(entropy) are favored.
Keq meaning
There are more products than reactants.
G meaning
Negative G means that the products are less energy than the reactants.
H meaning
H is the strength of the bonds. Negative H means that the products have stronger bonds than the reactants.
Carbocation
Positive charge on the carbon, only have six electrons. Is electrophilic.
Carbanion
Carbon has ten electrons. Negative charge. Nucleophilic.
Carbon radical
No charge. Seven electrons. Electrophilic.
H trend
Products are favored when H is negative because then the bonds in the products are stronger than in the reactants.
Bond dissociation energy.
The energy needed to break a bond. The stronger the bond the higher the bond dissociation energy. The bond dissociation energy is what it needed to hemolytically cleave a covalent bond.
Thermodynamics of H
If H is positive then energy was absorbed and the reaction is endothermic. If H is negative then energy was released and the reaction is exothermic.
