Chapter 6 Flashcards
What are the bonds formed by sharing electrons?
Covalent Bonds
What do electrons in bonding pairs have the highest probability of being found between?
The nuclei of the bonded atoms
When can a metallic bond exist?
It can exist only for an arrangement of metal atoms in a crystal lattice.
What happens to a metals atoms when it is heated?
It’s atoms move faster
What is the octet rule?
It says that an atom needs 8 electrons to be fully happy and atoms attain maximum stability
What types of elements make covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds?
Covalent: two non metals
Ionic: metal and non metal
Metallic: 2 metals
What is polarity? How does it affect ionic bonds?
The tendency of an object to form 2 localized regions of opposite character. It refers to the balance between the electrons in a chemical bond. It affects ions because it finds the difference.
What is the electrostatic force?
The force exerted between electrical charges.
Explain how ionic bonds work.
Ions are held together through attraction of opposite charges. Electronegativities are measured and the difference is found.
Explain how covalent bonds work.
These are bonds formed by sharing electrons. When two non metals bond together.
Explain how metallic bonds work.
When metals interact in a certain way. Most metal atoms need 6 or more electrons to fill their valence shells.
What are delocalized electrons?
They act as a “glue” to hold the positively charged metal ions.
What is the electron-sea theory?
Metals are an extensive crystal lattice of metal cations surrounded and submerged in a “sea” of mobile electrons.
Compare the properties of ionic and covalent compounds
Covalent is not as hard dense, or rigid, as metals with ionic compounds. Covalent are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Ionic formed from metals and non metals and covalent is just non-metals.
How do atoms maximize stability?
By attaining a full valence shell
