Chapter 6

Question 1

The average height and weight of a newborn is…

Answer 1

7 pounds and 20 inches long

birth weight doubles by the fourth month and triples by year 1

Question 2

Corpus Collosum

Answer 2

Fiber Connections

Question 3

Why are babies clumsy?

Answer 3

They have no myelin (fat)

Question 4

Experience Expectant

Answer 4

expecting from environment to wire
- visual cortex expecting light and will wire
-Language, sound, smell

Question 5

Experience Dependent

Answer 5

Additional growth, specific experiences
-child takes music lesson, growth where someone does not

Question 6

Neuroconstructivist View

Answer 6

biological processes and environmental conditions influence the brains development

Question 8

Plasticity

Answer 8

ability to reorganize neural pathways as a result of experience

Question 9

Critical Period

Answer 9

rapid development –> does not happen, severe damage

Question 10

What did scientists learn from the Bucharest Early Intervention Project

Answer 10

kids adopted out before 6 months of age showed dramatic cognitical + physical gains. Kids adopted out after 6 months had intellectual deficits (chronic stress did damage to the brain)

Question 11

Motor Development

Answer 11

motor systems develpo through a complex interaction among development of the neurons system, perception experiences, opportunities within the environment, and the infants motivation to reach goal

Question 12

Gross motor skills

Answer 12

large muscle groups

Question 13

Fine motor skills

Answer 13

small muscle groups/finely tuned movements
-finger dexterity
-grasping (pick something up –> experience expectant)

Question 14

Sensation

Answer 14

interaction between sensory organs within the brain

Question 15

Perception

Answer 15

interpretation of what happened

Question 16

Touch

Answer 16

infants are very responsive to touch, develops in the womb, important for developing bonds with others and exploring

Question 17

Oxytocin

Answer 17

feel good hormone

Question 18

Pain

Answer 18

infants may feel intense

Question 19

Smell

Answer 19

preference of pleasant odors in utero, can recognize mothers smell but have to be exposed to it

Question 20

Taste

Answer 20

Sweet tooth (breast milk is fat + sugar)

Question 21

Visual Preferences

Answer 21

measure length of time babies look at something

Question 22

Habituation

Answer 22

infants look longer at the novel stimulus, look less at familiar stimuli)

Question 23

Hearing

Answer 23

functional before birth, recognition of voices and language can occur in womb. Preference for their mother and voices in higher range

Question 24

The Cat in the Hat Study

Answer 24

Motherese –> sing songy, high pitch sounds make babies pay attention to that

Question 25

Sight

Answer 25

Least developed, color vision starting around 2 months, acuity at birth is 6 times worse than normal adult
Infants can focus best on images about 7 inches (30 cm) from their face

Question 26

Visual Motor Development

Answer 26

depth perception is innate but must learn through experience

Question 27

Immunization

Answer 27

primes the body’s immune system to resist a particular disease