Chapter 6

Question 0

Potential energy

Answer 0

Ex gasoline

A type of stored energy

Question 1

Energy

Answer 1

The ability to do work

Question 2

Kinetic energy

Answer 2

Energy of motion

Question 3

Energy can

But it can’t be

Answer 3

Can be transferred to a different object or transformed into another type
Can’t be created or destroyed

Question 4

What is the original source of food energy for most living organisms on earth

Answer 4

The sun

Question 5

Fossil fuels

Answer 5

Are energy sources created over a long period of time by the decay of organisms such as plants and tiny animals

Years of compression results in pockets of fossil fuels in the form of coal, oil and natural gas

Question 6

Renewable energy

Answer 6

Energy that is replenished naturally and quickly

Ex sun wind and water

Question 7

Nonrenewable energy

Answer 7

Energy sources that can not be replaced in a short amount of time
Ex. Fossil fuels like coal natural gas or oil

Question 8

2 main energy challenged our wold faces

Answer 8

• many people still don’t have acess to reliable forms of energy
• majority of the world’s energy is supplied by oil, coal, and natural gas - Nonrenewable energy forms

Question 9

Greenhouse gas

Answer 9

It prevents reflective sunlight from leaving the earth’s atmosphere which as a result enhances earth’s natural greenhouse effect

Question 10

Greenhouse effect

Answer 10

Named for its similarity to the way a greenhouse traps sunlight to increase te temp.
As more greenhouse house gases accumulate the temp of the earth increases

Question 11

Electricity

Answer 11

A secondary form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles
(another form of energy ex. Coal or wind must be used to produce it)

Question 12

What was one of the first advancements made in energy

Answer 12

Utilization of fire

Question 13

Fission

Answer 13

The process of atoms being spilt Ito smaller atoms to produce alf of energy

Question 14

Radiation

Answer 14

A type of energy given off by nuclear fission that can cause damage to cells, cancer and death

Question 15

Oil

Answer 15

Used in transportation (disel/ gasoline/jet fuel)
Used in products like plastic milk jugs, cosmetics, road materials medicine
Benifit: it is energy dense

Question 16

Energy density

Answer 16

Describes the amount of energy stored in a given volume of space

Question 17

Natural gas

Answer 17

Used in heat sources
Used in fertilizers plastics glue and paint
Found from underground rock by drilling wells
- cleanest fossil fuel
taken out of porous rock by fracking

Question 18

Coal

Answer 18

Burned to produce electricity and manufacture products (like steal)
Extracted by mining
Cons - affect human health, damage environment and climate change

Question 19

Nuclear energy

Answer 19

Energy stored within the nucleus of atoms. 
-happens when the atoms split
- primary fuel: uranium
Con: radiation
Electricity , steam created 
Electricity
Doesn't produce greenhouse gases

Question 20

Water/ hydroelectric power

Answer 20

Refers to the kinetic energy of moving water
- relies on turbines or hydroelectric power plants
Creates electricity
Cons. Building large dams have hight $ ecological and social costs

Question 21

Biomass / bioenergy

Common forms of biomass:

Answer 21

Is recently living organic material that can be used as a fuel source
-burn biomass for electricity, heat, fuels to run cars,
Common forms of biomass: wood, animal dung, grasses or algae

CO2 released by burning biomass was recently absorbed from the atmosphere
Vs fossil fuels which releases CO2 that hasn’t been in the atmosphere for billions of yrs.

Must replant biomass for it to be sustainable

Question 22

Biodiesel

Answer 22

A type of fuel made by combine oil with ethanol or methanol

When used in farm machinery it produce less greenhouses gases then petroleum based disel

Question 23

Wind

Answer 23

• produced because the sun heats the surface of the earth unevenly, caused air to circulate
• wind turns blades in a wind turbine turns mechanical action into electricity
  Con. Wind is not consistent and speed can not be controlled, require a lot of land

Question 24

Geothermal

Answer 24

Comes from heat produced in the earth’s core

- used to produce heat or generate electricity

Question 25

Solar energy

Answer 25

Comes from the sun!
- solar cells used to capture and sunlight & convert it to electricity
Con. Sunlight not consistent or steady

Question 26

Energy efficiency

Answer 26

Refers to completing a specific task with less energy than usual
Ex using LED lights