Chapter 6

Question 1

area where an organism lives including the biotic and abiotic factors that affect it

Answer 1

habitat

Question 2

ability of an organism to survive and reproduce under circumstances that differ from their optimal conditions

Answer 2

tolerence

Question 3

full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions

Answer 3

niche

Question 4

any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space

Answer 4

resource

Question 5

principle that states that no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time

Answer 5

competitive exclusion principle

Question 6

single species that is not usually abundant in a community yet exerts strong control on the structure of a community

Answer 6

keystone species

Question 7

relationship in which two species live close together

Answer 7

symbiosis

Question 8

symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed

Answer 8

commensalism

Question 9

symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit from the relationship

Answer 9

mutualism

Question 10

a symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it

Answer 10

parasitism

Question 11

series of gradual changes that occur in a community following a disturbance

Answer 11

ecological succession

Question 12

succession that occurs in an area in which no trace of a previous community is present

Answer 12

primary succession

Question 13

first species to populate an area during succession

Answer 13

pioneer species

Question 14

type of succession that occurs in an area that was only partially destroyed by disturbances

Answer 14

secondary succession

Question 15

the total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere; also called biological diversity

Answer 15

biodiversity

Question 16

variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes in the biosphere

Answer 16

ecosystem diversity

Question 17

number of different species that makes up a particular area

Answer 17

species diversity

Question 18

sum total of all the different forms of genetic information carried by a particular species, or by all organisms on Earth

Answer 18

genetic diversity

Question 19

the ability to recover after a disturbance; the ability to deal with change and move on

Answer 19

Resilience

Question 20

the benefits for humans that are provided by healthy ecosystems

Answer 20

ecosystem services