Chapter 6 Flashcards
what is individualism and it’s assumptions
there is an underlying assumption of “the atomized individual”
“the individual is prior to society”
an example of liberal individualism is locke’s “human beings are naturally free, equal, and independent”
what is anti-individualism and it’s assumptions
abide by the customs and traditions they grow up with
upbringing & social context defines us
see communitarianism
what is the first of the four views of the extreme liberal individualist?
FIRST assumes that the point of political philosophy is to conceive of principles of justice
principles are abstract and general
what is the second of the four views of the extreme liberal individualist?
ECOND individual freedom and equality are of highest importance
rights should protect freedom/equality of individuals
what is the third of the four views of the extreme liberal individualist?
THIRD priority of justice, even at the risk of other costs
what do communitarians argue about the purpose of political philosophy?
it is to create a vision of good for society and NOT to derive principles of justice, we must create grounds for human society to flourish
what is the fourth view of the extreme liberal individualist?
FOURTH any rights, duties, and responsibilities we have are derived from
what did philosopher f. h. Bradley argue about a person’s identity?
is so much affected by their social, cultural, and racial surroundings that it barely makes sense to think of someone as an individual at all
“one is born into a station in life, and has the duties applicable to that station” - bradley
feminist political philosophy puts limits on …
liberal individualism
what did marx argue about right to equality in one respect?
that it does not necessarily fix the inequality in that respect
feminists are tempted to deny that women have distinctive needs and rights
this can be seen as tacit admission of inferiority
recognition of biological difference does not equal
acceptance of traditional gender roles
we are limited in our percepetion of __ roles
gender
combining work with family has caused women to
have to work double time
broadly, what is affirmative action associated with?
liberal individualism
criticisms of affirmative action
t is still discrimination on other grounds, everyone should be treated with merit, beneficiaries of affirmative action will be stigmatized
defenses of affirmative action (3)
- it’s strengthens equal opportunity,
- social utility - people feel comfortable dealing with their own race,
- reparation for past injustices
affirmitive action is..
only a step towards a more just world, a short term fix
feminists should reject.. And not use..
capitalism and not use language of justice
What is the first theory for feminists rejecting capitalism?
capitalism as an economic system give rise to male domination, work relations reproduce oppression within the family
justice is a gendered concept, what do men seek and what do women seek?
men seek separation and women seek connectedness
what is the second theory for feminists rejecting capitalism?
male dominance creates capitalism, equalizing gender roles will bring reform
what is the third theory for feminists rejecting capitalism?
patriarchy & capitalism are in a mutual relation, one is intrinsically part of the other ,they reinforce each other simultaneously
in seeking connectedness, women..
neglect themselves
how does the sense of connectness and separation develop for a girl and a boy?
the boy must separate himself just like the father and the girl must become more connected with the mother during developmental years
speculatively, men see justice through the lens of __ and women see justice through the lens of ___
men see justice as a concrete math problem, where as women see justice as a development of relationships over time - the perspective of care
what was marx’s critique of liberalism?
it encourages us to view others as limitations to our own freedom - it causes separation and isolation
it is problematic, according to marx, that virtues determine interpersonal relationships BUT
political decision making is dominated by “math problems between humans
