Chapter 6 Flashcards
What is energy?
The capacity to do work
What is work?
A force applied over a distance
What is heat?
The transfer of thermal energy
What is thermal energy?
The energy relating to the temperature of an object
What is kinetic energy?
The energy related to the motion of an object
What is potential energy?
The energy related to position or composition of an object
What is the first law of thermodynamics?
The total energy in the universe is constant
What is internal energy?
The sum of all the kinetic and potential energies in a system
What is specific heat capacity?
The specific heat capacity is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree Celsius
What is pressure-volume work?
The force exerted by a system due to a volume change against external pressure
What is calorimetry?
The technique where the thermal energy of a system is exchanged to its surroundings in order to measure the temperature change
What is enthalpy?
The sum of the internal energy and the product of pressure and volume
What is an endothermic reaction?
A reaction that absorbs heat in order to rearrange its reactants to a higher potential energy configuration
What is an exothermic reaction?
A reaction that releases energy in order to rearrange its reactants into a lower potential energy configuration
What is Hess’s Law?
The enthalpy change of a reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes of each individual step of the reaction
