Chapter 6

Question 1

Abduction

Answer 1

Motion of a limb away from the midline.

Question 2

Adduction

Answer 2

Motion of a limb toward the midline.

Question 3

Artery

Answer 3

A tubular vessel that carries blood from the heart to the lungs and body.

Question 4

Blood Pressure

Answer 4

Pressure or force inside the walls of the body’s arteries.

Question 5

Body System

Answer 5

A group of organs and other structures that work together to perform specific functions.

Question 6

Brain

Answer 6

The organ in the nervous system responsible for the control of all the body systems. The brain coordinates the function of sensation, controls muscles, keeps body organs functioning automatically, and integrates consciousness, memory, emotions, and the use of language.

Question 7

Capillaries

Answer 7

Tiny blood vessels that connect arteries to veins. They provide nutrients and oxygen to and remove waste from cells.

Question 8

Cardiovascular System

Answer 8

Organs and structures that circulate blood around the body using the heart, arteries, and veins, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and cells. This system carries chemical waste products away from the cells and helps equalize body temperature. May also be referred to as the circulatory system.

Question 9

Cells

Answer 9

The basic units of all living things.

Question 10

Cental Nervous System

Answer 10

The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and spinal cord.

Question 11

Diaphragm

Answer 11

The large, thick, flat muscle between the chest and abdomen that is used for breathing.

Question 12

Digestive System

Answer 12

Also known as the gastrointestinal system, a group of organs and other structures that use mechanical and chemical processes to break down food and absorb nutrients into the bode. This system also eliminates waste or unused material that is eaten.

Question 13

Endocrine System

Answer 13

A collection of glands that produce chemical substances, called hormones, that travel through the bloodstream influencing target organs.

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

The straightening of a joint

Question 15

Flextion

Answer 15

The bending of a joint.

Question 16

Human Anatomy

Answer 16

The study of structures that can be seen with the the unaided eye and structures visible only through a microscope in humans.

Question 17

Human Physiology

Answer 17

The study of the mechanical, physical, bioelectric, and biochemical functions of humans,

Question 18

Immune Respons

Answer 18

the body’s response to a substance foreign to the body, such as bacteria.

Question 19

Immunity

Answer 19

The state of being protected from a disease, especially and infectious disease.

Question 20

Integumentary (skin) System

Answer 20

Specialized tissues cover and protect the body. The skin helps retain fluids, regulates temperature, transmits information from the environment to the brain, and protects the body from the outside environment.

Question 21

Ligaments

Answer 21

Fibrous tissues that connect a bone to another bone.

Question 22

Lymphatic System

Answer 22

Organs and other structures that remove extra fluid from tissues, absorb and transport fats from the cardiovascular system, and make white blood cells and transport them from the lymph nodes.

Question 23

Muscular System

Answer 23

Tissues that allow movement of the body, beating of the heart, and movement within the organs of the digestive system and other tubular structures (e.g. helping move food through the intestines, allowing blood vessels to contract to raise blood pressure).

Question 24

Nervous System

Answer 24

A group of organs and other structures that regulate all bodily functions by collecting and processing information, using the brain and complicated wiring system to all organs.

Question 25

Neuron

Answer 25

A specialized cell that conducts electrical impulses; a neve cell.

Question 26

Organs

Answer 26

Structures containing similar tissues that act together to perform specific bodily functions.

Question 27

Peripheral Nervous System

Answer 27

The part of the nervous system outside the central nervous system.

Question 28

Reproductive System

Answer 28

Organs and other structures responsible for human reproduction.

Question 29

Respiratory System

Answer 29

Organs and structures that bring air containing oxygen into the body and eliminate carbon dioxide to the environment through the process of breathing or ventilation.

Question 30

Skeletal System

Answer 30

The bones and other supporting tissues that provide structure to the body, provide attachment points for muscles, protect internal organs, allow movement, store minerals, and constitute the major site where blood cells are made.

Question 31

Tendon

Answer 31

An extension of a muscle that attaches to a bone.

Question 32

Tissue

Answer 32

A collection of cells acting together to perform a specific body function.

Question 33

Urinary System

Answer 33

Organs and structures that remove wastes and toxins from the blood and excretes them as urine. This system maintains the body’s water and electrolyte balance.

Question 34

Vein

Answer 34

A tubular vessel that carries blood to the heart.