Chapter 6

Question 1

THE PROCESS, WHICH MAKES AVAILABLE TO THE INDIVIDUAL SOMETHING HE HAS LEARNED PREVIOUSLY.

Answer 1

Memory

Question 2

THE PROCESS BY WHICH INFORMATION (NEW KNOWLEDGE) IS INITIALLY RECORDED IN A FORM USABLE TO MEMORY.

Answer 2

Encoding

Question 3

T/F

ØINFORMATION WITH ASSOCIATIONS TO THINGS ALREADY KNOWN WILL BE ENCODED MORE EFFECTIVELY. WE USE THE NETS WOVEN BY PAST EXPERIENCES TO CAPTURE NEW INFORMATION.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

SERIAL POSITION EFFECT

Answer 4

Primacy and Recency Effect

Question 5

ENHANCED MEMORY PERFORMANCE FOR THOSE ITEMS IN THE BEGINNING OF THE SEQUENCE

Answer 5

Primacy Effect

Question 6

ENHANCED MEMORY PERFORMANCE FOR THOSE ITEMS AT THE END OF THE SEQUENCE

Answer 6

Recency Effect

Question 7

IT IS THE “STORING PROCESS” OF WHAT WAS REQUIRED. RETENTION DEPENDS ON THE ENCODING PROCESS: WELL-ENCODED MATERIAL IS BETTER RETAINED.

Answer 7

Retention

Question 8

DECREASE IN RETENTION is ______

Answer 8

Forgetting

Question 9

AT PRESENT, MOST RESEARCH SUGGESTS THAT _________ IS THE KEY PROCESS IN FORGETTING.

Answer 9

Interference

Question 10

THE PHENOMENON BY WHICH RECALL IS HINDERED BECAUSE OF OTHER INFORMATION ALREADY IN MEMORY

Answer 10

Interference

Question 11

NEW LEARNING INTERFERES WITH THE RECALL OF INFORMATION LEARNED EARLIER

Answer 11

Retroactive Interference

Question 12

INFORMATION LEARNED EARLIER INTERFERES WITH THE RECALL OF MATERIAL LEARNED LATER.

Answer 12

Proactive Interference

Question 13

MEANINGFUL UNITS OF INFORMATION THAT MAY VARY DEPENDING ON THE CIRCUMSTANCES.

Answer 13

Chunks

Question 14

S A LEARNING TECHNIQUE THAT INVOLVES BREAKING DOWN LARGE PIECES OF CONTENT INTO SMALLER CHUNKS THAT ARE EASIER TO PROCESS AND REMEMBER.

Answer 14

Chunking

Question 15

THE PROCESS BY WHICH MATERIAL IN MEMORY STORAGE IS LOCATED, BROUGHT INTO AWARENESS, AND USEd

Answer 15

Retrieval or Remembering

Question 16

THE PROCESS OF DRAWING FROM MEMORY A SPECIFIC PIECE OF INFORMATION FOR A SPECIFIC PURPOSE.

Answer 16

Recall

Question 17

Tip of the tongue phenomena

Answer 17

Recall

Question 18

STIMULUS SUCH AS A WORD, SMELL, SOUND THAT GUIDES A PERSON THROUGH THE INFORMATION STORED IN MEMORY.

Answer 18

Retrieval cue

Question 19

THE PROCESS OF ACKNOWLEDGING PRIOR EXPOSURE TO A GIVEN STIMULUS.

Answer 19

Recognition

Question 20

THE PROCESS WHEREIN ONE REMEMBERS NOT ONLY A SPECIFIC EVENT, BUT ALSO ALL THE DETAILS AND CIRCUMSTANCES OF THIS EVENT WITH ITS SETTING IN TIME AND PLACE. EX. WHERE WERE YOU WHEN YOU LEARNED ABOUT THE BAGUIO KILLER EARTHQUAKE OF JULY 16, 1990? THESE MEMORIES ARE CALLED “FLASHBULB MEMORIES” SINCE THEY ARE SO VIVID, AS IF THEY REPRESENTED A SNAPSHOT OF THE EVENT.

Answer 20

Redintegration

Question 21

Types of Memory

Answer 21

Short-Term Memory
AND LTM

Question 22

WHERE INFORMATION IS HELD WHILE IT IS CONSCIOUS AND BEING USED. IT HOLDS ABOUT THREE TO FIVE ITEMS OF INFORMATION AND LASTS ABOUT 30 SECONDS WITHOUT REHEARSAL.

Answer 22

STM

Question 23

REFERS TO SIMPLE STORAGE OF INFORMATION,

Answer 23

Stm

Question 24

INVOLVES MANIPULATION OF THE INFORMATION WITHIN STM;

Answer 24

Working Memory

Question 25

THE SYSTEM IN WHICH MEMORIES THAT ARE TO BE KEPT MORE OR LESS PERMANENTLY ARE STORED AND IS UNLIMITED IN CAPACITY AND RELATIVELY PERMANENT IN DURATION.

Answer 25

LTM

Question 26

T/F

INFORMATION THAT IS MORE DEEPLY PROCESSED, OR PROCESSED ACCORDING TO MEANING, WILL BE RETAINED AND RETRIEVED MORE EFFICIENTLY.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

ARE MEMORIES FOR SKILLS, HABITS, AND CONDITIONED RESPONSES

Answer 27

Nondeclarative or Implicit Memories

Question 28

ARE MEMORIES FOR GENERAL FACTS AND PERSONAL EXPERIENCES AND INCLUDE BOTH SEMANTIC MEMORIES AND EPISODIC MEMORIES.

Answer 28

Declarative or explicit memories

Question 29

THE GENERAL TERM FOR LOSS OF MEMORY WHEN IT IS UNACCOMPANIED BY OTHER MENTAL DIFFICULTIES.

Answer 29

Amnesia

Question 30

MEMORY LOSS OF OCCURRENCES PRIOR TO SOME EVENT.

Answer 30

Retrograde Amnesia

Question 31

MEMORY LOSS OF EVENTS FOLLOWING AN INJURY.

Answer 31

Anterograde Amnesia

Question 32

A LOSS OF MEMORY DUE TO A PSYCHOLOGICAL REPRESSION MECHANISM: WE TEND TO FORGET THE THINGS WE WANT TO FORGET.

Answer 32

Psychogenic Amnesia

Question 33

AFFECTED BY SERIOUS MEMORY IMPAIRMENT. ALTHOUGH THEIR INTELLECTUAL ABILITIES MAY BE INTACT, THEY DISPLAY A STRANGE ARRAY OF SYMPTOMS INCLUDING REPEATING QUESTIONS, EVEN AFTER BEING TOLD THE ANSWER, AND REPEATING THE SAME STORY OVER AND OVER AGAIN.

Answer 33

Long term alcoholics

Question 34

SQ3R TECHNIQUE

Answer 34

Survey, Question, read, recite, review

Question 35

VERBALORGANIZATION

Answer 35

USE OF VERSE,PHONOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION OF WORD SEQUENCES,FIXED
RHYTHM, RHYME, AND ALLITERATION)

Question 36

METHOD OF LOCI

Answer 36

UTILIZES IMAGERY; VISUALIZES EACH OF THE ITEMS TO BE REMEMBERED IN A DIFFERENT SPATIAL LOCATION

Question 37

PEG METHOD

Answer 37

PEGS (NUMBERS OR RHYMES) ARE CREATED; ITEMS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH PEGS BY FORMING IMAGES THAT COMPRISE THE PEG AND THE ITEM TO BE REMEMBERED.

Question 38

KEY WORDS TECHNIQUe

Answer 38

ITEMS TO BE REMEMBERED ARE ASSOCIATED WITH ANOTHER ITEM THAT IS EASIER TO RECALL.