Chapter 6

Question 1

All of the following were common values that all Romans held dear and considered to be
foundational for their state EXCEPT

Answer 1

Egalitarianism: “equality”

Question 2

Which legislation that resulted from the Conflict of the Orders was a public display of the
laws (first Roman legal code)?

Answer 2

Twelve Tables

Question 3

Which legislation that resulted from the Conflict of the Orders made all laws passed by the
Plebian Council binding on all Romans?

Answer 3

Lex Hortensia

Question 4

In Roman religion, who was the king of the gods (the equivalent of the Greek god Zeus)?

Answer 4

Jupiter

Question 5

The success of the Roman state rested in keeping the pax deorum. What does this mean?

Answer 5

Peace with the gods

Question 6

Why did the Romans switch from fighting in the Greek hoplite phalanx fashion to a system
of their own making, the manipular legion?

Answer 6

Allowed more flexibility
Allowed using heaving infantry
Allowed using light infantry

Question 7

The acquisition of new territories and the creation of a Mediterranean Empire created all of
the following new problems for Rome EXCEPT

Answer 7

Abundance of slaves

Question 8

As consul, Gaius Marius passed all of the following comprehensive reforms to the Roman
military EXCEPT

Answer 8

Changed the legion of cohorts into a legion of maniples

Question 9

The Civil War of Marius and Sulla demonstrated what dangerous side effect of Marius’
military reforms?

Answer 9

Transferred soldiers’ loyalty from the Roman state to their generals

Question 10

How did Julius Caesar commit an act of treason, as defined in Roman law, and start the Civil
War of Caesar and Pompey?

Answer 10

He left his province and crossed the Rubicon River with his army

Question 11

While he did not have any official titles, how did Augustus retain his power as emperor?

Answer 11

He avoided accepting any titles that might have smacked of a desire for kingship.
He brilliantly created for himself new titles and powers, thoroughly grounded in previous,
Republican tradition.
He shared power with the Senate in a way beneficial to himself.

Question 12

During the Year of the Four Emperors, the arcana imperii revealed all of the following that
continued to be a factor in subsequent history of the Empire. EXCEPT

Answer 12

The increasing importance of the Senate

Question 13

What is a collection of primary sources by early Christians containing the theological beliefs
and stories about Jesus on which the faith was built?

Answer 13

New Testament

Question 14

In the New Testament, where would you find the origins of the Christian faith?

Answer 14

Four Gospels

Question 15

The early Christian movement was considered revolutionary for all of the following reasons
EXCEPT

Answer 15

It was a monotheistic religion.

Question 16

What Roman emperor brought about a major religious change in the Empire?

Answer 16

Constantine

Question 17

How did Augustine challenge the core of Roman traditional beliefs about the state?

Answer 17

Challenged the fundamental Roman pagan belief that Roman success was the result of
the pax deorum.