Chapter 6 Flashcards
Population
The individuals that belong to the same species and live in a given area at a particular time.
Community
All of the populations of organisms within a given area.
Population Ecology
The study of factors that cause populations to increase or decrease.
Population Size (N)
The total number of individuals within a defined area at a given time.
Population Density
The number of individuals per unit area at a given time
Population Distrabution
A description of how individuals are distributed with respect to another.
Sex Ratio
The ratio of males to females in a population
Age Structure
A description of how many individuals fit into particular age categories in a population
Limiting Resource
A resource that a population cannot live without and that occurs in quarantines lower than the population would require to increase size.
Density-dependent Factor
A factor that influences an individual’s probability of survival and reproduction in a manner that depends on the size of a population
Random Distribution
Resources are distributed evenly or sporadically.
Uniform Distribution
Organisms are spread out in a fairly regular pattern.
Clumped Distribution
Individuals are clustered in groups.
Carrying capacity (K)
The limit of how many individuals in a population the environment can sustain
Density-independent factor
A factor that has the same effect on an individual’s probability of survival and the amount of reproduction at any population size
Population growth models
Mathematical equations that can be used to predict population size at any moment in time.
Population growth rate
The number of offspring an individual can produce in a given time period, minus the deaths of the individual or its offspring during the same period.
Intrinsic growth rate (r)
The maximum potential for growth of a population under ideal conditions with unlimited resources.