Chapter 6-10 Flashcards
Delegate
Legislators who vote according to the preferences of their constituents.
Member of congress whose primary concern is voter interest
Trustees
Legislators who vote according to what they think is best for their constituents
Member of congress who is concerned with doing what is best country.
Casework
Efforts by members of Congress to gain the trust and support of constituents by providing personal services.
Gerrymandering
The drawing of electoral district in such way as to give advantage to political party.
Party caucus/ conference
Nominally closed meeting to select candidates or leaders plan stargety or make decisions regarding legislate matters.
Determine leadership
Proposal power
The capacity to bring a proposal before the full legislative
Conference committee
A joint committee created to work out a compromise between House and senate version of a bill
Closed Rule
provision by the House Rules Committee that restricts the introduction of amendments during debate
Cloture
procedure by which three-fifths of the members of the Senate can set a time limit on debate over a given bill
Pocket Veto
veto that occurs automatically when Congress adjourns during the 10 days a president has to approve a bill and the president has taken no action on it
Logrolling
Agreements among members of Congress to vote for one another’s bills.
The speaker of the house(HOR)
Most important
Majority leader (HOR)
Expressed powers
Delgated powers are granted to the federal government in article l, section 8 of the constitution. Powers given in article 2 of constitution
Delegated powers
The power to can money, to regulate commerce, to declare war, to raise and maintain armed forces, and to establish a post office.
Inherent powers
Consits of all powers reasonably required to enable a court to preform efficiently is judicial function
Executive agreement
An International agreement,usually regarding routine administrative matters not warranting a formal treaty, made by the executive branch of the US government without ratification by the senate.
Executive privilege
The privilege, claimed by the president for the executive branch of the US government, of withholding information in the public interest.
Executive orders
A rule or order issued by the president to an executive branch of the government and having the force of law
Signing statement
Written proncuement issued by the president of the United States upon the signing of a bill into law.
Electoral College
A body of electors chosen or appointed by a larger group
Implied powers
Powers not specified in constitution
Military
Commander-in- Chief
Judical
The power to pardon
Diplomatic
Head of State - executive agreement
Executive
Head of federal agencies - executive privilege - executive orders
Legislature
Participation in legislature process - veto
Party
Informal source of power that relies on perusaion
Party can aid the president out he can’t control them
Going public
- Another informal source of power that relies on persuaion
- The effort to convince the public to place pressure on Congress to support the president program
Administrative State
Implied and delgated sources of power.
Bureaucracy
A System of government in which most of important decisions are made by state officials rather by elected representivtie.
Implementation
The process of putting a decision or plan into effect; execution
Administrative adjudication
adversarial proceedings conducted by an administrative law judge, who issues a recommended decision to the CFPB director
Clientele Agency
Department or bureau of government whose mission is to promote, serve, or represent a particular interest.
Regulatory Agency
A department, bureau, or independent agency whose primary mission is to eliminate or restrict certain behaviors defined as negative in themselves or negative in their consequences.
Bureaucratic Drift
The oft-observed phenomenon of bureaucratic implementation that produces policy more to the liking of the bureaucracy than faithful to the original intention of the legislation that created it, but without triggering a political reaction from elected officials”
Coalitional Drift
The prospects that enacted policy will change because the composition of the enacting coalition is temporary and provisional
Oversight
The effort by Congress, through hearings, investigations, and other techniques, to exercise control over the activities of executive agencies.
Cabinet Departments
Agriculture, Defense, justice, treasury
Independent Agencies
NASA, CIA, EPA
Independent regulatory commission
FTC,FCC
Termination
Elimiantion of programs
Precedents
Prior cases whose principles are used by judges as the bases for their decisions in present cases.
Stare decisis
Literally, “let the decision stand.” The doctrine whereby a previous decision by a court applies as a precedent in similar cases until that decision is overruled.
Writ of habeas corpus
A court order demanding that an individual in custody be brought into court and shown the cause for detention. Habeas corpus is guaranteed by the Constitution and can be suspended only in cases of rebellion or invasion.
Judicial Review
The power of the courts to declare actions of the legislative and executive branches invalid or unconstitutional. The Supreme Court asserted this power in Marbury v. Madison (1803).
Mootness
A criterion used by courts to avoid hearing cases that no longer require resolution.
Writ of certiorari
A formal request by an appellant to have the Supreme Court review a decision of a lower court. Certiorari is from a Latin word meaning “to make more certain.
amicus curiae
“Friend of the court,” an individual or group who is not party to a lawsuit but seeks to assist the court in reaching a decision by presenting an additional brief.
Criminal law
The branch of law that deals with disputes or actions involving criminal penalties (as opposed to civil law).
Civil Law
A system of jurisprudence, including private law and governmental action, for settling disputes that do not involve criminal penalties.
Constitutional Law
