Chapter 5_Experimental Research Flashcards
Experimental research
A type of research where the investigator manipulates one or more independent variables and observes their effect on a dependent variable.
Nonexperimental research
Research that does not involve manipulation of variables but rather involves observing and measuring variables as they naturally occur.
Independent variable
The variable that is manipulated by the researcher in an experiment to examine its effect on the dependent variable.
Dependent variable
The variable that is measured to see if it is affected by changes in the independent variable.
Extraneous variables
Variables other than the independent variable that could influence the dependent variable if not controlled.
Confounding variable
An extraneous variable that systematically varies with the independent variable and could provide an alternative explanation for the results.
Conditions
Different levels or variations of the independent variable that participants in an experiment are exposed to.
Control
Procedures or techniques used to eliminate or reduce the impact of extraneous variables.
Manipulation
The process of systematically changing or altering the independent variable to examine its effects on the dependent variable.
Single factor two-level design
An experimental design involving one independent variable with exactly two levels or conditions.
Single factor multilevel design
An experimental design involving one independent variable with more than two levels or conditions.
Treatment condition
The condition in which participants are exposed to the experimental treatment or manipulation.
Control condition
The condition in which participants do not receive the experimental treatment, serving as a baseline for comparison.
Randomized clinical trial (RCT)
A study in which participants are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups to test the effectiveness of an intervention.
No-treatment control condition
A condition in which participants do not receive the treatment or intervention, allowing for comparison with those who do.