Chapter 5.7 vocab cards

Question 1

Molecular Orbital Theory

Answer 1

Explains how atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals when atoms bond. Electrons occupy the two types of molecular orbitals (that we know of in Chem 101): antibonding and bonding. The theory predicts molecule stability using bond order.

Question 2

Bonding Orbital

Answer 2

A lower energy molecular orbital with high stability molecules

Question 3

Antibonding orbital

Answer 3

Molecular orbital with higher energy but destabilizes molecules.

Question 4

Molecular Orbital

Answer 4

Region in a molecule where lots of electrons reside. They are formed when atomic orbitals combine during chemical bonding.

Question 5

Sigma Molecular Orbital

Answer 5

A bonding molecular orbital with lots of electrons b/t the two atoms. Formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals along the bond axis.

Question 6

Bond Order (definition)

Answer 6

A measure of stability in a molecule. Higher bond order means higher stability and lower bond order means low stability.

Question 7

Bond Order (Formula)

Answer 7

(Number of bonding electrons - Number of antibonding electrons) / 2

Question 8

Pi Molecular Orbitals

Answer 8

Molecular orbital formed by side-by-side overlap of atomic orbitals parallel to each other. They are weaker than sigma bonds b/c the overlap is less direct.

Question 9

Dimagnetic

Answer 9

Substance with no unpaired electrons; weakly repelled by magnetic fields.

Question 10

Paramagnetic

Answer 10

Substance with unpaired electrons. Attracted to magnetic fields

Question 11

True/False:

The more unpaired electrons, the greater the attraction.

Answer 11

True