Chapter 57-GI protectants Flashcards
GI protectants-Generic medication
Sucralfate (Carafate) is the only GI protectant currently available.
GI protectants-MOA
GI protectants coat any INJURED area in the stomach to prevent further injury occurring from acid.
Sucralfate forms an ulcer-adherent complex at duodenal ulcer sites, protecting the sites against acid, pepsin, and bile salts. This action prevents further breakdown of the area and promotes ulcer healing.
This drug also inhibits pepsin activity in gastric juices, preventing further breakdown of proteins in the stomach, including the protein wall of the stomach.
GI protectants-ADME
Rapidly absorbed after oral administration
Metabolized in the liver
Excreted in the feces
Crosses the placenta and enters breast milk
GI protectants-Contraindications & cautions
This medication should not be given to individuals with renal failure or those undergoing dialysis due to the possibility of buildup of aluminum.
GI protectants-Adverse effects
Primarily related to its GI effects
Constipation is the most frequently seen adverse effect
Diarrhea, nausea, indigestion, gastric discomfort, and dry mouth may also occur.
Other adverse effects include dizziness, sleepiness, vertigo, skin rash, and back pain.
GI protectants-Drug to drug interactions
If aluminum salts are combined with this drug, there is a risk of high aluminum levels and aluminum toxicity.
If administered with phenytoin, fluoroquinolone antibiotics, or penicillamine, decreased serum levels and drug effectiveness may result. Educate to administer at least 2hr apart.
GI protectants-Pre/post medication assessment
Administer sucralfate on an empty stomach 1hr before or 2hr after meals and at bedtime
Administer antacids or antibiotics between doses of sucralfate, not within 30 min of each other
Provide frequent mouth care including lozenges to alleviate dry mouth
