Chapter 56 The Umbilical Cord

Question 1

The umbilical cord forms during the first ______ weeks of gestation.

Answer 1

5

Question 2

1st trimester umbilical length is approximately the same size as the _____.

Answer 2

CRL

Question 3

The intestines grow at a faster rat than the abdomen; they herniate at approx. _____ weeks.

Answer 3

10-12

Question 4

The umbilical cord is covered by the _______ membrane.

Answer 4

amniotic

Question 5

The umbilical cord is surrounded by a homogeneous substance called _______ jelly.

Answer 5

Warton’s

Question 6

The diameter of the cord usually measures _____cm. The normal lengthof the cord is ____cm.

Answer 6

1-2, 40-60

Question 7

The umbilical arteries arise from the fetal ________arteries.

Answer 7

internal iliac

Question 8

The umbilical vein is formed by the confluence of the _________ of the placenta, with its primary purpose to transport oxygenated blood back to the fetus.

Answer 8

chorionic veins

Question 9

The umbilical vein enters the umbilicus and joins the _________ as it courses through the liver.

Answer 9

left portal vein

Question 10

A short umbilical cord measures less than ______

Answer 10

35cm

Question 11

The normal cord may coil as many as ____ times, usually to the ____ and near the fetal insertion site.

Answer 11

40, left

Question 12

A long umbilical cord measures longer than ___

Answer 12

80cm

Question 13

Cystic masses are usually _________ or _______ in origin.

Answer 13

omphalomensenteric, allantoic

Question 14

Omphalomesenteric cysts affects females more frequently than males at a rate of ____

Answer 14

5:3

Question 15

Occlusions of one or more vessels of the umbilical cord; primarily it occurs in the umbilical vein

Answer 15

.

Question 16

The mortality rate of knots in the cord is ____%

Answer 16

8-11

Question 17

When blood vessels are longer than the cord

Answer 17

false knot

Question 18

when the cord implants into the edge of the placenta near the internal os instead of the middle.

Answer 18

Battledore placenta

Question 19

Umbilical cord vessels crossing the internal os of the cervix. Mortality ranging from _____% for vaginal delivery .

Answer 19

60-70

Question 20

When the cord lies alongside the presenting part.

Answer 20

Occult prolapse

Question 21

The ____ umbilical artery is absent a slightly higher percentage than the ____.

Answer 21

left, right

Question 22

An artery-to artery difference of more than 50%

Answer 22

hypoplatic umbilical artery

Question 23

Single umbilical arteries typically have a transverse diameter of greater than ____ mm

Answer 23

4

Question 24

Focal dilation of the umbilical vein is nearly always _______ but extrahepatic in location.

Answer 24

intra-abdominal

Question 25

Persistence of right portal vein rather than normal left-sided portal vein.

Answer 25

Persistent intrahepatic right portal vein

Question 26

At ______ weeks gest. age paired umbilical veins carry blood from the placenta to the primitive heart.

Answer 26

5-6