Chapter 55 Flashcards
Right Upper Quadrant Contains
- Most of the liver
- Gallbladder
- Duodenum
- Head of the pancreas
- Hepatic flexure of the colon
- Part of the ascending and transverse colon
Right Lower Quadrant Contains
- Cecum
- Appendix
- Right ureter
- Right ovary and fallopian tuve
- Right spermatic cord
Midline Abdomen Contains
- Abdominal aorta
- Uterus (if enlarged)
- Bladder (if distended)
Left Upper Quadrant Contains
- Left lobe of the liver
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Body and tail of pancreas
- Splenic flexure of the colon
- Part of the transverse and descending colon
Left Lower Quadrant Contains
- Part of the descending colon
- Sigmoid colon
- Left ureter
- Left ovary and fallopian tube
- Left spermatic cord
Calcium
Level & Significance
9.0 - 10.5 (values decrease in older adults)
Decreased values indicate possible:
Malabsorption, Renal failure, Acute pancreatitis
Potassium
Level & Significance
3.5 - 5.0
Decreased values indicate possible:
Vomiting, gastric suctioning, diarrhea, drainage from intestinal fistula
Albumin
Level & Significance
3.5 - 5.0
Decreased values indicate possible:
hepatic disease
ALT
Level & Significance
3 - 35 international units/L or 8 - 20 units/L
Increased values indicate possible:
Liver disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis
AST
Level & Significance
5 - 40
Increased values indicate possible:
Liver disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis
Total Billirubin
Level & Significance
0.1 - 1.0
Increased values indicate possible:
Hemolysis, biliary obstruction, hepatic damage
Direct Bilirubin
Level & Significance
0.1 - 0.3
Increased values indicate possible:
Biliary obstruction
Indirect Bilirubin
Level & Significance
0.2 - 0.8
Increased values indicate possible:
Hemolysis, hepatic damage
Ammonia
Level & Significance
15 - 110
Increased values indicate possible:
Hepatic disease such as cirrhosis
Amylase
Level & Significance
56 - 90
Increased values indicate possible:
Acute pancreatitis
