Chapter 54

Question 1

include nitrogen mustards, nitrosoureas, and alkyl sulfonates.

Answer 1

alkylating agents

Question 2

P- hepatic cytocrhome P450-mediated biotransformation of cyclophosphamide is needed for antitumor activities. breakdown product is ACROLEIN
CU-leukemia, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, breast and ovarian CA, neuroblastoma
T- hemmorrhagic cystitis resulting from formation of acrolein may be decreased by vigorous hydration and by use of MESNA

Answer 2

Cyclophosphamide

Question 3

P-spontaneously converts in the body to a reactive cytotoxic product
CU- best known for use in regimens for Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
T-marked vesicant (blister-forming) actions

Answer 3

Mechlorethamine

Question 4

P- used intravenously; the drugs distribute to most tissues and are cleared by the kidney.
CU-commonly used as a component of regimens for testicular carcinoma and for cancers of the bladder, lung and ovary.
T- gastrointestinal distress and mild hematoxicity and is neurotoxic and nephrotoxic, may be reduced by the use of MANNITOL

Answer 4

platinum analog- Cisplatin

Question 5

P- used intravenously; the drugs distribute to most tissues and are cleared by the kidney.
CU-similar use with cisplatin
T-less nephrotoxic than cisplatin and is less likely to cause tinnitus and hearing loss but greater MYELOSUPPRESSANT actions

Answer 5

Platinum analog- Carboplatin

Question 6

P- used intravenously; the drugs distribute to most tissues and are cleared by the kidney.
CU-used in advanced colon CA
T- dose limiting neurotoxicity

Answer 6

Platinum analog- Oxaliplatin